【摘要】：醫(yī)用硬管內(nèi)窺鏡,是一種醫(yī)用光學(xué)觀察儀器,它可以插入人體體腔和臟器內(nèi)進(jìn)行直接觀察、診斷和治療。醫(yī)用硬管內(nèi)窺鏡具有圖像清晰度高、色彩逼真等優(yōu)點(diǎn),作為輔助醫(yī)療器材,目前被廣泛應(yīng)用于無創(chuàng)或微創(chuàng)診療或手術(shù)中。現(xiàn)行的內(nèi)窺鏡光學(xué)性能檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有兩個(gè)國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、和國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn),但是這兩種均有一些不足之處,不適合內(nèi)窺鏡生產(chǎn)廠家和醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)使用。本文的主要目的是通過設(shè)計(jì)新的內(nèi)窺鏡檢測系統(tǒng)及檢測方法,推進(jìn)內(nèi)窺鏡檢測的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和推廣使用。本文設(shè)計(jì)完成了一套內(nèi)窺鏡光學(xué)性能檢測系統(tǒng),采用機(jī)器視覺原理檢測硬管內(nèi)窺鏡的光學(xué)性能,代替人眼判斷,智能化程度高,精度高,重復(fù)性好。本文重點(diǎn)就硬管內(nèi)窺鏡光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的調(diào)制傳遞函數(shù)MTF、光效均勻性和屈光度光學(xué)參數(shù)的檢測進(jìn)行了以下的研究:1、合理設(shè)計(jì)使用新的檢測方法和檢測裝置,搭建檢測平臺;2、選擇軟件平臺,對不同參數(shù),進(jìn)行軟件方面的編寫,調(diào)試;3、對不同的光學(xué)參數(shù),進(jìn)行了多人,多次的重復(fù)性檢測,驗(yàn)證了檢測系統(tǒng)參數(shù)檢測結(jié)果的重復(fù)性。同時(shí)進(jìn)行了對比試驗(yàn),與現(xiàn)有國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的測量結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,檢驗(yàn)了其準(zhǔn)確性。本文所提出的檢測系統(tǒng)有以下幾個(gè)方面的優(yōu)勢:1、檢測裝置方面,本文利用LCD顯示代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)靶標(biāo),解決了傳統(tǒng)靶標(biāo)加工和更換困難的問題;利用電控平臺作為檢測系統(tǒng)位移調(diào)節(jié)裝置,提高了檢測結(jié)果的重復(fù)性和精確性;2、軟件方面,本文利用機(jī)器視覺定量的計(jì)算、測量和評估硬管內(nèi)窺鏡的光學(xué)參數(shù),代替人眼判斷,智能化程度高,精度高,重復(fù)性好;3、內(nèi)窺鏡性能評價(jià)方面,利用MTF代替極限角分辨率評價(jià)醫(yī)用硬管內(nèi)窺鏡成像質(zhì)量,利用內(nèi)窺鏡整個(gè)視場邊緣與中心的亮度比曲線代替國標(biāo)中的90%最大入瞳視場角的邊緣光效值,所包含信息更全面,豐富,評價(jià)更為準(zhǔn)確。
[Abstract]:Medical hard tube endoscope is a kind of medical optical observation instrument. It can be inserted into human body cavity and viscera for direct observation, diagnosis and treatment. Medical hard tube endoscope has many advantages such as high definition of image, realistic color and so on. As an auxiliary medical device, it is widely used in noninvasive or minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment or surgery. There are two international standards and national standards for the optical performance testing of endoscope, but these two standards have some shortcomings and are not suitable for the use of endoscope manufacturers and medical institutions. The main purpose of this paper is to promote the standardization and application of endoscope detection by designing new endoscope detection system and testing method. In this paper, a set of optical performance testing system for endoscope is designed and completed. The principle of machine vision is used to test the optical performance of hard tube endoscope, which replaces human eye judgment, and has high intelligence, high precision and good repeatability. In this paper, the modulation transfer function (MTF,) of hard tube endoscope optical system is studied as follows: 1. Reasonable design and use of new detection method and detection device; 2. The software platform is chosen to compile and debug the software for different parameters. 3. For the different optical parameters, repeated and repeated tests are carried out to verify the repeatability of the testing results. At the same time, a comparative test was carried out, and the accuracy was verified by comparing the measurement results with the existing national standards. The detection system put forward in this paper has the following advantages: 1. In the aspect of detecting device, this paper uses LCD display instead of traditional target to solve the problem of difficult processing and replacement of traditional target; Using the electronic control platform as the displacement adjusting device of the detection system, the repeatability and accuracy of the test results are improved. 2. In software, this paper uses machine vision to calculate, measure and evaluate the optical parameters of hard tube endoscope instead of human eyes, which has the advantages of high intelligence, high precision and good repeatability. 3. In the aspect of endoscope performance evaluation, MTF is used instead of limit angle resolution to evaluate the imaging quality of medical rigid tube endoscope. By using the luminance ratio curve of the whole field of view to the center of the endoscope to replace the 90% of the maximum entrance field of view angle in the national standard, the information is more comprehensive, abundant and the evaluation is more accurate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TH776.1

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