時間分辨電子動量譜儀的研制及相關(guān)實驗
[Abstract]:The physical and chemical properties are determined by the microstructure of matter, especially the spatial distribution of nuclei and the density distribution of electrons. The understanding of electronic structure or orbital wave function of atoms and molecules, especially the frontier orbitals related to chemical properties and chemical reactions, directly affects the understanding of chemical properties and the mechanism of chemical reactions. With the application of pump-detection technology, people have begun to enter the door of real-time evolution detection of electronic structures, and have achieved outstanding results in the study of ultra-fast dynamics. Electron momentum spectroscopy is a unique experimental means to study the electronic structure of atoms and molecules. The electron density distribution in the molecular orbital momentum space can be obtained. The molecular orbital imaging in momentum space shows its unique advantages. The main work of this thesis is to develop a nanosecond time-resolved electron momentum spectrometer by combining pump detection and electron momentum spectroscopy. It is used to investigate the evolution of the ionization energy and the electron momentum distribution over time during the evolution of the excited state molecule, thus to study the molecular excited state dynamics. The spectrometer has been designed and built, and preliminary debugging results have been obtained. In addition, the first excited state S1 (蟺, 蟺 *) of toluene molecule was studied by time-resolved electron momentum spectrometer during the co-culture of Takahashi research group of Japan's Northeast University. The ionization energy spectrum and electron momentum distribution of S1 state were obtained. The other part of the thesis is to study the vibration effect of electron momentum distribution in molecular orbit. The electron momentum spectra of ethanol and trimethoxy molecules show that the electron momentum distribution of some orbitals is greatly affected by the molecular vibration. The influence of various factors, including vibration effect, on orbital wave function should be carefully considered in the traditional and time-resolved electron momentum spectroscopy. The content of the thesis is divided into six chapters. The contents of each chapter are as follows: the first chapter summarizes the concept of ultrafast dynamic imaging and related experimental techniques, the principle of electron momentum spectroscopy and the development of spectrometer, and the problems to be considered in the theoretical evaluation of electron momentum distribution. The second chapter introduces the design of time-resolved electron momentum spectrometer, including general design, optical system, pulse electron gun, energy analyzer, detector, electronic system. Power supply system and vacuum and magnetic shielding, etc. In chapter 3, the preliminary debugging results of time resolved electron momentum spectrometer are presented. In chapter 4, the results of the study on the excited states of toluene molecule S1 (蟺, 蟺 *) by using the time-resolved electron momentum spectrometer during the co-culture of the Northeastern University of Japan are introduced. In chapter 5, the experimental and theoretical study of ethanol conformation by electron momentum spectroscopy is introduced. After considering the vibration effect, the problem that the calculated electron momentum distribution and equilibrium configuration are not consistent with each other is well solved. In chapter 6, the vibration effect of the electron momentum distribution of trimethylene oxygen is studied in detail, and it is found that the theoretical electron momentum distribution is in better agreement with the experimental results after considering the vibration effect. Finally, the paper is summarized and the future work of time-resolved electron momentum spectroscopy is prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:TH74
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