本文選題：望遠(yuǎn)鏡 + 三鏡�。� 參考：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類對(duì)暗弱目標(biāo)觀測(cè)需求的提高,對(duì)望遠(yuǎn)鏡口徑的需求也越來(lái)越大。三鏡是直接參與望遠(yuǎn)鏡光學(xué)系統(tǒng)成像的重要元件,其面形精度是影響望遠(yuǎn)鏡成像質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵因素之一。本論文針對(duì)4m級(jí)望遠(yuǎn)鏡項(xiàng)目,研究設(shè)計(jì)了其中的三鏡組件。4m望遠(yuǎn)鏡是部門承擔(dān)的最大口徑的望遠(yuǎn)鏡,三鏡長(zhǎng)軸的尺寸將達(dá)到500mm。研究設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)是保證三鏡在工作時(shí)保持良好的面形精度、定位定向誤差、系統(tǒng)剛度和焦點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)的效率。對(duì)國(guó)外技術(shù)領(lǐng)先的大口徑地基望遠(yuǎn)鏡和其三鏡系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了調(diào)研與總結(jié);研究了鏡子支撐的基礎(chǔ)理論和面形評(píng)價(jià)方式,分別以鏡面面形誤差的Slope RMS值和RMS值為目標(biāo)函數(shù)優(yōu)化了支撐點(diǎn)的位置,計(jì)算得到了最優(yōu)鏡面面形的Slope RMS誤差值為4.05?rad,鏡面面形的RMS誤差值為1.96nm。依照對(duì)4m望遠(yuǎn)鏡三鏡初步分析和計(jì)算的結(jié)果,底支撐方案選用6點(diǎn)whiffletree結(jié)構(gòu),側(cè)支撐方案選用中心膜片結(jié)構(gòu),然后利用有限元軟件HyperMesh和Ansys進(jìn)行聯(lián)合仿真分析。對(duì)柔性支撐中的底支撐桿的直徑和側(cè)支撐膜片的厚度進(jìn)行的優(yōu)化,得到最優(yōu)的支撐桿徑直為2mm,最優(yōu)膜片厚度為1mm。并對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的支撐結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,并以LMS模態(tài)分析儀為依托,以實(shí)驗(yàn)室現(xiàn)有的條件進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)主系統(tǒng)對(duì)三鏡運(yùn)動(dòng)和調(diào)整的要求,設(shè)計(jì)了三鏡的二維調(diào)整組件和轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)。二維調(diào)整組件的作用是方便后期的裝調(diào),選取柔性鉸鏈作為俯仰調(diào)整的回轉(zhuǎn)中心。轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)的作用是滿足望遠(yuǎn)鏡系統(tǒng)的焦點(diǎn)切換能力,選取力矩電機(jī)作為驅(qū)動(dòng)元件。利用諧波分析法分析了三鏡轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)的角晃動(dòng)量,在設(shè)計(jì)允許范圍之內(nèi)。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for observation of dark and weak targets, the need for telescope aperture is increasing. Three-mirror is an important component directly involved in the imaging of telescope optical system, and its surface accuracy is one of the key factors that affect the imaging quality of telescope. In this paper, for the 4m telescope project, the three-mirror module. 4m telescope is the largest aperture telescope undertaken by the department. The size of the three-mirror long axis will reach 500mm. The goal of the research and design is to ensure that the three mirrors maintain good surface shape accuracy, positioning and orientation error, system stiffness and efficiency when the focus is changed. This paper investigates and summarizes the large caliber ground-based telescope and its three-mirror system, and studies the basic theory of mirror support and the evaluation method of surface shape. The position of the support point is optimized by using the Slope RMS value and RMS value of the mirror shape error as objective functions, respectively. The Slope RMS error value of the optimal mirror shape is 4.05 radals, and the RMS error value of the mirror shape is 1.96 nm. According to the results of the preliminary analysis and calculation of the three mirrors of the 4m telescope, the base support scheme is composed of 6 points whiffletree structure, the side support scheme adopts the central diaphragm structure, and then the finite element software HyperMesh and Ansys are used to carry out the joint simulation analysis. The diameter of the base support rod and the thickness of the lateral support diaphragm in the flexible bracing are optimized. The optimum supporting rod is 2 mm straight and the optimum diaphragm thickness is 1 mm. The dynamic analysis of the supporting structure is carried out, and based on the LMS modal analyzer, the experimental results are carried out under the existing conditions in the laboratory. According to the requirements of the main system for the motion and adjustment of the three mirrors, the two dimensional adjusting components and the turntable of the three mirrors are designed. The function of the two-dimensional adjustment module is to facilitate the late-stage adjustment. The flexure hinge is chosen as the center of rotation for pitch adjustment. The function of the turntable is to meet the focus switching ability of the telescope system, and the torque motor is selected as the driving element. The angle sloshing of the three mirror turntable is analyzed by harmonic analysis method, which is within the allowable range of design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TH743

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本文編號(hào)：1954403