本文選題：生物力學 + Ilizarov技術(shù)�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：足踝部畸形不僅嚴重破壞了足的正常功能,影響患者的日常生活,同時也給患者帶來了巨大的精神創(chuàng)傷。醫(yī)學研究中,足外科屬于新興的外科分支,并且目前足踝外科在許多方面還有待發(fā)展。自從90年代引入Ilizarov矯形技術(shù),足踝部畸形的矯正有了跨越性的發(fā)展。然而,目前國內(nèi)應用Ilizarov技術(shù)進行足踝部畸形的矯正還停留在90年代的技術(shù)水平上,并未對其進行發(fā)展與創(chuàng)新。本文針對人體足踝部的解剖學生理特點,以CT斷層圖片為數(shù)據(jù)來源,獲得了足踝部位的骨骼三維模型。并且,研究了截骨術(shù)后骨骼在應力刺激下的重建規(guī)律和生物力學特征。針對足踝部矢狀面畸形,將并聯(lián)機構(gòu)應用于骨外固定器的設(shè)計中,實現(xiàn)足踝部骨科正畸。根據(jù)臨床應用Ilizarov骨外固定器的反饋,本文對所設(shè)計的骨外固定器進行了運動學以及奇異性研究。并且,本文深入研究了矯形外科截骨術(shù)原則,給出矯正足踝部矢狀面成角畸形以及移位畸形的奇異規(guī)避策略,為臨床使用所設(shè)計的骨外固定器提供理論指導。最后,利用ADAMS仿真,驗證了所設(shè)計的并聯(lián)機構(gòu)骨外固定器的運動特性。本課題研究對于足踝部骨科正畸主要有兩個突出貢獻。首先,在研究過程中創(chuàng)新性地將Wolff定律與Ilizarov技術(shù)進行結(jié)合,提出了截骨術(shù)后在骨外固定器過程中,骨骼重建的算法。該算法不僅考慮了骨骼材料特點,骨骼生物力學特點和骨外固定器的結(jié)構(gòu)特點,而且考慮了骨骼在重建過程中的“死區(qū)”對骨骼重建的影響。另外,本文應用旋量理論進行骨外固定器的設(shè)計,將矯形外科原則與機械工程進行結(jié)合,提出了使用外固定器進行足踝部畸形矯正過程的奇異規(guī)避算法,得到了最佳無奇異使用工作空間。
[Abstract]:Foot and ankle deformities not only seriously destroy the normal function of the foot and affect the daily life of the patients, but also bring huge trauma to the patients. In medical research, foot surgery is a new branch of surgery, and there are still many aspects to be developed in foot and ankle surgery. Since the introduction of Ilizarov orthopedic technique in the 1990 s, the correction of foot and ankle deformities has developed strikingly. However, at present, the application of Ilizarov in the correction of ankle deformity is still at the technical level in the 1990s, and it has not been developed and innovated. According to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of human foot and ankle, a three-dimensional bone model of foot and ankle was obtained based on CT tomography. In addition, bone reconstruction and biomechanical characteristics under stress stimulation after osteotomy were studied. Aiming at the sagittal deformity of foot and ankle, the parallel mechanism was applied to the design of external fixator to realize orthodontic orthodontics of foot and ankle. Based on the feedback of Ilizarov external fixator, the kinematics and singularity of the designed external fixator were studied. Furthermore, the principle of orthopaedic osteotomy is studied in this paper, and the singular circumvention strategy for correction of sagittal and displacement deformities of foot and ankle is given, which provides theoretical guidance for the clinical use of the designed external fixator. Finally, the kinematic characteristics of the designed external fixator of parallel mechanism are verified by ADAMS simulation. This research has two outstanding contributions to orthodontic orthodontics of foot and ankle. Firstly, the Wolff's law and Ilizarov technique are innovatively combined in the research process, and an algorithm of bone reconstruction in the process of external fixation after osteotomy is proposed. The algorithm not only takes into account the characteristics of bone material, bone biomechanics and the structure of bone external fixator, but also takes into account the influence of "dead zone" of bone reconstruction on bone reconstruction. In addition, in this paper, the spinor theory is used to design the external fixator, combining the orthopedic principle with mechanical engineering, and a singular circumvention algorithm is proposed to correct the foot and ankle deformities with the external fixator. The best non-singular working space is obtained.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TH789

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號：1935244