本文選題：平場凹面光柵光譜儀　切入點：小型化　出處：《中國科學(xué)院研究生院(長春光學(xué)精密機械與物理研究所)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：平場凹面光柵光譜儀在國計民生的各個方面均有重要應(yīng)用,包括冶金、石油、原料和成品分析、生物醫(yī)療和智能交通等,也用于宇宙探索、軍事偵察、資源和水文探測等領(lǐng)域。它能做到小型化和智能化,而且能兼顧高的光譜分辨率,符合光譜儀器的發(fā)展趨勢,具有廣闊的市場前景。本文根據(jù)平場凹面光柵光譜儀小型化、智能化的發(fā)展趨勢,對小型高分辨率平場凹面光柵光譜儀的光柵設(shè)計、儀器裝調(diào)及測試和光譜儀的誤差分析方面進行了較為深入的研究,具體研究工作主要包括以下方面:(1).根據(jù)光程函數(shù)理論,對平場凹面光柵光譜儀的核心部件平場凹面光柵進行了設(shè)計,提出了一種將遺傳算法和非線性規(guī)劃函數(shù)尋優(yōu)算法相結(jié)合對平場凹面光柵進行了像差和光學(xué)優(yōu)化設(shè)計的方法,并進行了具體分析,各指標(biāo)均能滿足設(shè)計要求;(2).在平場凹面光柵的優(yōu)化設(shè)計的基礎(chǔ)上對平場凹面光柵光譜儀進行了光學(xué)設(shè)計、機械裝調(diào)及光譜定標(biāo)軟件設(shè)計,其主要內(nèi)容包括,系統(tǒng)的光路設(shè)計,該平場凹面光柵光譜儀主要零部件的裝調(diào),以及后期數(shù)據(jù)處理的上位機軟件的編寫;(3).對平場凹面光柵光譜儀的誤差來源進行了分類,并且利用光線追跡的方法對平場凹面光柵的誤差分析做了較為詳細的分析,得出了平場凹面光柵的使用參數(shù)對儀器的影響,并且求出了各誤差的使用容限,從而指導(dǎo)儀器的裝調(diào)工作并對光柵的設(shè)計制作提出要求;(4).在前期理論論證之后,建立了一套平場凹面光柵光譜儀系統(tǒng)的軟、硬件結(jié)構(gòu),包括光源、凹面光柵、光譜接收系統(tǒng)及數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)等。利用圖像化編程軟件LabVIEW編寫了自動化光譜定標(biāo)軟件。并對儀器測試結(jié)果進行了分析。該型光譜儀具有小型化、智能化的特點,全波段(200nm~800nm)能達到優(yōu)于1.4nm的光譜分辨率,全波段消像散,并且殘余像差也很小。
[Abstract]:Flat field concave grating spectrometer has important applications in various aspects, beneficial to the people's livelihood including metallurgy, petroleum, analysis of raw materials and finished products, Bio Medical and intelligent transportation, but also for space exploration, military reconnaissance, field resources and hydrological exploration. It can achieve the miniaturization and intelligent, and can take the high spectral resolution, in accordance with the development trend of the spectrum instrument, and has a broad market prospect. Based on the flat field concave grating spectrometer miniaturization, the development trend of intelligent, high resolution of small flat field concave grating spectrometer grating design, measurement error analysis instrument installation and test and the spectrometer is studied. The main research work includes the following aspects: (1). According to the eikonal theory, the core components of the flat field concave grating flat field concave grating spectrometer is designed, proposed a genetic algorithm Planning method and nonlinear function optimization algorithm combining the flat field concave grating of optical aberration and the optimization design method, and makes a concrete analysis, each index can meet the design requirements; (2). Based on the optimization design of flat field concave grating on the optical design of a flat field concave grating the spectrometer, the mechanical alignment and spectral calibration software design, the main contents include the design of light path system, the flat field concave grating spectrometer the main components of the assembly, and the PC software data processing; (3). On the flat field concave grating spectrometer and the error sources are classified. By using ray tracing method of flat field concave grating error analysis are analyzed in detail. The effects of the use of flat field grating parameters of the instrument, and the use of the error tolerance, thus guiding instrument The alignment and design of grating request; (4). After the preliminary demonstration of the theory, established a set of flat field concave grating spectrometer system software and hardware structure, including the light source, the concave grating spectrum receiving system and data acquisition system. Using the graphical programming software written in LabVIEW automation spectral calibration of the instrument software. And the test results were analyzed. The spectrometer has the advantages of miniaturization, intelligent features, full band (200nm~800nm) spectral resolution can reach over 1.4nm, the full band astigmatism, and the residual aberration is also very small.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院(長春光學(xué)精密機械與物理研究所)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH744.1

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