本文選題：氣體流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置　切入點(diǎn)：鐘罩　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氣體流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置是為了復(fù)現(xiàn)氣體流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量值而建立的硬件及軟件系統(tǒng),功能是將準(zhǔn)確而統(tǒng)一的氣體流量量值傳遞給用于天然氣貿(mào)易計(jì)量的流量?jī)x表,它的建立對(duì)于保證天然氣貿(mào)易計(jì)量的準(zhǔn)確性、可靠性和公正性具有重要意義。國(guó)家石油天然氣大流量計(jì)量站的鐘罩式氣體流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置是我國(guó)氣體流量的原級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一,改造前自動(dòng)檢定系統(tǒng)設(shè)備老舊、功能單一,已不能滿足精確測(cè)量和量值傳遞的需要。通過對(duì)其自動(dòng)檢定系統(tǒng)的改造,可以保障原級(jí)鐘罩式氣體流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置的不確定度水平,加強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)功能,滿足東北地區(qū)乃至全國(guó)氣體流量量值傳遞的需要。本文在原有的鐘罩式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量器基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)其計(jì)量工藝和數(shù)據(jù)采集、控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了重新設(shè)計(jì)和改造,增加了臨界流文丘里噴嘴的檢定功能,保障了原級(jí)鐘罩標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置的不確定度,通過對(duì)自動(dòng)檢定系統(tǒng)軟件、硬件的設(shè)計(jì),提高了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置的可靠性和檢定效率。本文分析了影響鐘罩式氣體流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置計(jì)量準(zhǔn)確性的因素,制定了相應(yīng)的解決方案,配合高準(zhǔn)確度傳感器與控制器,盡可能地提高了數(shù)據(jù)采樣的準(zhǔn)確度與代表性,有效保障了原級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置的不確定度水平。為了提高該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝置的可靠性與檢定效率,本文設(shè)計(jì)了鐘罩控制的聯(lián)鎖保護(hù)程序,位移測(cè)量的冗余設(shè)計(jì),流量快速調(diào)節(jié)記憶程序等保障性程序。在計(jì)量工藝上,增設(shè)了檢定臨界流文丘里噴嘴的工藝流程,實(shí)現(xiàn)了用鐘罩檢定臨界流文丘里噴嘴的功能。改造完成后,重新評(píng)定了系統(tǒng)的不確定度,對(duì)裝置進(jìn)行了重復(fù)性實(shí)驗(yàn)、穩(wěn)定性實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試,并采用7臺(tái)高準(zhǔn)確度與穩(wěn)定性的德國(guó)ELSTER進(jìn)口腰輪流量計(jì)作為比對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在本裝置檢定結(jié)果、德國(guó)原廠出廠系數(shù)及上海計(jì)量院校準(zhǔn)結(jié)果之間進(jìn)行了比對(duì)。實(shí)驗(yàn)及測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,該裝置重復(fù)性、穩(wěn)定性滿足要求,具有較高的計(jì)量準(zhǔn)確度。此次改造完善了我國(guó)低壓天然氣量值體系,對(duì)于保證東北地區(qū)乃至全國(guó)天然氣貿(mào)易計(jì)量的準(zhǔn)確、統(tǒng)一具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The gas flow standard device is a hardware and software system established to reproduce the gas flow standard value. Its function is to transfer the accurate and uniform gas flow value to the flow meter used for natural gas trade measurement. Its establishment is of great significance to ensure the accuracy, reliability and fairness of natural gas trade metering. The bell-type gas flow standard device of the national oil and gas large flow metering station is one of the primary standards of gas flow in China. Before revamping, the equipment of the automatic verification system is old and old, and the function is single, which can no longer meet the need of accurate measurement and value transmission. By reforming its automatic verification system, the uncertainty level of the original bell-cover gas flow standard device can be guaranteed. The system functions are strengthened to meet the needs of the gas flow value transmission in Northeast China and even the whole country. Based on the original bell-type standard gauge, the measurement technology, data acquisition and control system are redesigned and reformed in this paper. The verification function of the critical flow Venturi nozzle is added to ensure the uncertainty of the standard device of the original bell hood. Through the design of the software and hardware of the automatic verification system, The reliability and verification efficiency of the standard device are improved. This paper analyzes the factors influencing the measurement accuracy of the bell-type gas flow standard device, and formulates the corresponding solution, which is combined with the high accuracy sensor and controller. The accuracy and representativeness of data sampling are improved as far as possible, and the uncertainty level of the original standard device is effectively guaranteed. In order to improve the reliability and verification efficiency of the standard device, the interlocking protection program controlled by the bell hood is designed in this paper. The redundant design of displacement measurement, the program of fast flow regulation and memory, etc. In the metering technology, the technological process of verifying critical flow Venturi nozzle is added. The function of calibrating the critical flow Venturi nozzle with the bell cover is realized. After the revamping, the uncertainty of the system is re-evaluated, and the repeatability experiment and the stability test are carried out on the device. Seven ELSTER imported waist wheel Flowmeters with high accuracy and stability were used as the comparison standard. The results were compared between the verification results of the device, the factory coefficients of the original German factory and the accurate results of the Shanghai Institute of Metrology. The experimental results and the test results showed that, The repeatability and stability of the unit meet the requirements of high accuracy of measurement. The revamping improves the value system of low-pressure natural gas in China, which is of great significance to ensure the accuracy and unity of the measurement of natural gas trade in Northeast China and even in the whole country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TH814

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