本文選題：氣體流量標準裝置　切入點：鐘罩　出處：《浙江大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：氣體流量標準裝置是為了復現氣體流量標準量值而建立的硬件及軟件系統(tǒng),功能是將準確而統(tǒng)一的氣體流量量值傳遞給用于天然氣貿易計量的流量儀表,它的建立對于保證天然氣貿易計量的準確性、可靠性和公正性具有重要意義。國家石油天然氣大流量計量站的鐘罩式氣體流量標準裝置是我國氣體流量的原級標準之一,改造前自動檢定系統(tǒng)設備老舊、功能單一,已不能滿足精確測量和量值傳遞的需要。通過對其自動檢定系統(tǒng)的改造,可以保障原級鐘罩式氣體流量標準裝置的不確定度水平,加強系統(tǒng)功能,滿足東北地區(qū)乃至全國氣體流量量值傳遞的需要。本文在原有的鐘罩式標準量器基礎上,對其計量工藝和數據采集、控制系統(tǒng)進行了重新設計和改造,增加了臨界流文丘里噴嘴的檢定功能,保障了原級鐘罩標準裝置的不確定度,通過對自動檢定系統(tǒng)軟件、硬件的設計,提高了標準裝置的可靠性和檢定效率。本文分析了影響鐘罩式氣體流量標準裝置計量準確性的因素,制定了相應的解決方案,配合高準確度傳感器與控制器,盡可能地提高了數據采樣的準確度與代表性,有效保障了原級標準裝置的不確定度水平。為了提高該標準裝置的可靠性與檢定效率,本文設計了鐘罩控制的聯鎖保護程序,位移測量的冗余設計,流量快速調節(jié)記憶程序等保障性程序。在計量工藝上,增設了檢定臨界流文丘里噴嘴的工藝流程,實現了用鐘罩檢定臨界流文丘里噴嘴的功能。改造完成后,重新評定了系統(tǒng)的不確定度,對裝置進行了重復性實驗、穩(wěn)定性實驗測試,并采用7臺高準確度與穩(wěn)定性的德國ELSTER進口腰輪流量計作為比對標準,在本裝置檢定結果、德國原廠出廠系數及上海計量院校準結果之間進行了比對。實驗及測試結果表明,該裝置重復性、穩(wěn)定性滿足要求,具有較高的計量準確度。此次改造完善了我國低壓天然氣量值體系,對于保證東北地區(qū)乃至全國天然氣貿易計量的準確、統(tǒng)一具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The gas flow standard device is a hardware and software system established to reproduce the gas flow standard value. Its function is to transfer the accurate and uniform gas flow value to the flow meter used for natural gas trade measurement. Its establishment is of great significance to ensure the accuracy, reliability and fairness of natural gas trade metering. The bell-type gas flow standard device of the national oil and gas large flow metering station is one of the primary standards of gas flow in China. Before revamping, the equipment of the automatic verification system is old and old, and the function is single, which can no longer meet the need of accurate measurement and value transmission. By reforming its automatic verification system, the uncertainty level of the original bell-cover gas flow standard device can be guaranteed. The system functions are strengthened to meet the needs of the gas flow value transmission in Northeast China and even the whole country. Based on the original bell-type standard gauge, the measurement technology, data acquisition and control system are redesigned and reformed in this paper. The verification function of the critical flow Venturi nozzle is added to ensure the uncertainty of the standard device of the original bell hood. Through the design of the software and hardware of the automatic verification system, The reliability and verification efficiency of the standard device are improved. This paper analyzes the factors influencing the measurement accuracy of the bell-type gas flow standard device, and formulates the corresponding solution, which is combined with the high accuracy sensor and controller. The accuracy and representativeness of data sampling are improved as far as possible, and the uncertainty level of the original standard device is effectively guaranteed. In order to improve the reliability and verification efficiency of the standard device, the interlocking protection program controlled by the bell hood is designed in this paper. The redundant design of displacement measurement, the program of fast flow regulation and memory, etc. In the metering technology, the technological process of verifying critical flow Venturi nozzle is added. The function of calibrating the critical flow Venturi nozzle with the bell cover is realized. After the revamping, the uncertainty of the system is re-evaluated, and the repeatability experiment and the stability test are carried out on the device. Seven ELSTER imported waist wheel Flowmeters with high accuracy and stability were used as the comparison standard. The results were compared between the verification results of the device, the factory coefficients of the original German factory and the accurate results of the Shanghai Institute of Metrology. The experimental results and the test results showed that, The repeatability and stability of the unit meet the requirements of high accuracy of measurement. The revamping improves the value system of low-pressure natural gas in China, which is of great significance to ensure the accuracy and unity of the measurement of natural gas trade in Northeast China and even in the whole country.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH814

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