本文關(guān)鍵詞： 彎板式稱重傳感器 儀表設(shè)計(jì) 多線程 小數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào) 小波變換 多分辨率分析　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著公路交通事業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)汽車衡已經(jīng)無法滿足當(dāng)前市場(chǎng)的需求。傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)汽車衡主要存在以下問題：由于秤臺(tái)的復(fù)雜機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)，無法承受車輛的高速?zèng)_擊，因此不適用于高速動(dòng)態(tài)稱重；秤臺(tái)的復(fù)雜機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)易造成傳感器損壞和秤臺(tái)變形沉降；秤臺(tái)密封性不好導(dǎo)致積水、污泥會(huì)影響稱重精度等。隨著國內(nèi)外動(dòng)態(tài)稱重技術(shù)水平的不斷提高，為了解決這些問題，彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)汽車衡應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)稱重系統(tǒng)憑借其整體式秤臺(tái)、密封性良好、施工簡(jiǎn)單、免維護(hù)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可適用于車輛寬速度范圍（0~200km/h）的動(dòng)態(tài)稱重。目前，該系統(tǒng)技術(shù)發(fā)展迅速且日趨成熟，已逐漸成為高速公路計(jì)重收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)和公路超限檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的新興解決方案。 電子稱重儀表作為彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)汽車衡計(jì)算和控制的核心單元，其功能、性能直接決定動(dòng)態(tài)稱重系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)水平。本文針對(duì)系統(tǒng)的高速動(dòng)態(tài)稱重特點(diǎn)，提出了儀表設(shè)計(jì)方案。儀表設(shè)計(jì)方案包含硬件設(shè)計(jì)、軟件設(shè)計(jì)及稱重算法的設(shè)計(jì)，其設(shè)計(jì)思路及主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一，論述了彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)汽車衡以及彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)稱重儀表的研究背景及意義，介紹了國內(nèi)外相關(guān)領(lǐng)域研究狀況、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及未來發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，同時(shí)也詳述了彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)汽車衡在國內(nèi)外的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合及范圍。 第二，論述了彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)稱重系統(tǒng)的組成結(jié)構(gòu)，包含彎板式稱重傳感器、車輛分離裝置及儀表。其中，重點(diǎn)介紹了彎板式稱重傳感器的工作原理。分析闡述了彎板式稱重系統(tǒng)的工作原理及工作流程。 第三，以分析彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)稱重儀表的設(shè)計(jì)要求為基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)儀表的硬件進(jìn)行了整體性設(shè)計(jì)和電氣的模塊化設(shè)計(jì)。詳述了各個(gè)硬件模塊的設(shè)計(jì)要求、設(shè)計(jì)過程以及設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果。 第四，，基于WIN32API使用多線程編程技術(shù)開發(fā)彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)稱重儀表的程序。詳細(xì)論述了構(gòu)成主程序的各個(gè)線程模塊及其主要代碼。 第五，分析車輛的高速稱重信號(hào)，針對(duì)小數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)選擇使用小波變換算法對(duì)稱重?cái)?shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行數(shù)字信號(hào)處理。在MATLAB環(huán)境中使用小波變換工具箱對(duì)原始稱重信號(hào)進(jìn)行降噪處理分析，取得了很好的效果。最后使用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證了本方法的確對(duì)提高稱重精度有一定的效果，具有現(xiàn)實(shí)應(yīng)用意義。 第六，總結(jié)彎板式動(dòng)態(tài)稱重系統(tǒng)儀表的設(shè)計(jì)過程，分析不足并展望未來。 本文的主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下： 第一，由于系統(tǒng)適用于車輛的高速動(dòng)態(tài)稱重，當(dāng)車輛高速通過時(shí)儀表采集的稱重信號(hào)是小數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)。在數(shù)字信號(hào)處理方面，針對(duì)小數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)分析處理，并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，取得了較好的降噪濾波效果。 第二，儀表的硬件設(shè)計(jì)使用工控機(jī)作為核心控制單元，在軟件設(shè)計(jì)過程中，使用多線程技術(shù)進(jìn)行編程，提高了儀表的運(yùn)行效率及性能。 本次設(shè)計(jì)的儀表的硬件以及軟件的程序結(jié)構(gòu)已應(yīng)用于實(shí)際項(xiàng)目工程，在山西省多個(gè)縣級(jí)公路預(yù)檢站運(yùn)行正常且性能穩(wěn)定。對(duì)稱重信號(hào)的小數(shù)據(jù)使用小波變換的稱重算法能夠有效地濾除噪聲信號(hào)，車輛速度在0~50km/h范圍內(nèi)的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果誤差可控制在4%以內(nèi)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of road transportation, the traditional dynamic automobile scale has been unable to meet the current needs of the market. The traditional dynamic automobile scale mainly has the following problems: due to the complex mechanical structure scale, high speed impact can not bear the vehicle, it is not suitable for high-speed dynamic weighing; complex mechanical structure scale caused by sensor damage and scale Taiwan settlement scale; good sealing lead to water, sludge will affect the weighing accuracy. With the dynamic weighing technology level unceasing enhancement, in order to solve these problems, a dynamic vehicle scale bending plate emerged. Bending plate dynamic weighing system with its integral scale, good sealing performance, simple construction, advantages no maintenance, can be applied to vehicle wide speed range (0~200km/h) of the dynamic weighing system. At present, the technology is developing rapidly and becoming more mature, has gradually become the expressway. Road weight charging system and a new solution for highway overrun detection system.
The calculation of electronic weighing instrument as bending plate of dynamic weighing and core unit, control its function and performance directly determines the level of technology of dynamic weighing system. The high speed dynamic weighing system according to the characteristics, puts forward the design scheme. The instrument instrument design scheme consists of hardware design, software design and the design of weighing algorithm, the design method and the main contents are as follows:
First, discusses the research background and the significance of dynamic weighing and bending plate bending plate dynamic weighing instrument, introduces the research status of related fields at home and abroad, the development status and future development trend, but also on the bending plate of dynamic weighing applications at home and abroad.
Second, the composition structure of the bending plate dynamic weighing system is discussed, including the bending plate weighing sensor, the vehicle separation device and the instrument. In particular, the working principle of the bending plate weighing sensor is introduced. The working principle and working process of the bending plate weighing system are analyzed and expounded.
Third, based on the analysis of the design requirements of the bending plate dynamic weighing instrument, the overall design of the instrument's hardware and the modular design of the electrical system were carried out. The design requirements, the design process and the design results of each hardware module were described in detail.
Fourth, based on WIN32API, we use multithread programming technology to develop the program of the bending plate dynamic weighing instrument. We discuss in detail the thread modules and main codes of the main program.
Fifth, analysis of high-speed vehicle weighing signal, according to the data signals using the wavelet transform algorithm of weighing data for digital signal processing. Noise reduction analysis of original weighing signal using the wavelet transform toolbox in the MATLAB environment, and achieved very good results. Finally, verify the method does have a certain effect on improving the weighing accuracy the use of experimental data has practical significance.
Sixth, summarize the design process of the dynamic weighing system instrument of curved plate type, analyze the shortage and look forward to the future.
The main innovations of this paper are as follows:
First, because the system is suitable for high-speed dynamic weighing of vehicles, when the vehicle speed signal by weighing instrument to collect the small data signals. In digital signal processing, signal processing for small data analysis, combined with experimental data, made a noise reduction filter effect is better.
Second, the hardware design of the instrument takes the industrial control computer as the core control unit. In the software design process, multi thread technology is used to program, which improves the operation efficiency and performance of the instrument.
The hardware design of this instrument and the program structure of software has been applied to the actual project, in a number of county roads in Shanxi Province in normal and stable operation of the station. The performance weighing algorithm using wavelet transform small data the weighing signal can remove the noise effectively, the experimental results of vehicle speed in the range of 0~50km/h error control in less than 4%.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TH715.1

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本文編號(hào)：1545825