本文關(guān)鍵詞： 超聲波熱量表 相位差法 流量檢測 熱量計量 時間-電壓轉(zhuǎn)換　出處：《濟南大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在國家大力提倡節(jié)能減排的時代背景下,以及市場對實現(xiàn)分戶熱量計量的強烈需求聲中,經(jīng)過廣泛查閱國內(nèi)外相關(guān)技術(shù)資料和進入熱量表研發(fā)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)進行調(diào)研和實踐,筆者認為隨著熱量表技術(shù)的不斷完善,超聲波熱量表已經(jīng)成為目前比較符合國內(nèi)分戶供熱計量需求現(xiàn)狀的熱量計量儀表。但是,由于各個生產(chǎn)廠家和科研院所在設(shè)計超聲波熱量表時采取的設(shè)計方案不同,生產(chǎn)出的成品表在熱量計量精確性、運行穩(wěn)定性等方面依然存在不少問題�？紤]到流量測量是熱量表達到精確熱量計量目標的關(guān)鍵所在,超聲波換能器收、發(fā)超聲波的相關(guān)時間間隔測量又是流量測量的核心部分。本文在對超聲波熱量表的時差法原理和相位差法原理作出比較的基礎(chǔ)上,選擇相位差法對熱量表進行硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計和相關(guān)軟件系統(tǒng)編程。以MSP430低功耗處理器為運算核心,通過流量測量模塊中的時間-電壓轉(zhuǎn)換電路,實現(xiàn)將前級電路測得的以電壓信號形式表示的相位差脈沖信號,通過MSP430處理器A/D轉(zhuǎn)換表示為相位差計數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)形式,以此表示傳播時間差,從而最終實現(xiàn)對微小時間的準確測量。在熱量表樣表制作完成后,使用熱量表專用檢測裝置對基于相位差法的超聲波熱量表樣表進行流量實際檢測,并對實際測得數(shù)據(jù)進行分析。使用MATLAB軟件將檢測中所獲得的與不同檢測溫度點、不同流量點對應(yīng)的表顯相位差計數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)(即極微小時間)進行曲線擬合,并對單個樣表的實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行綜合曲線擬合,將所得修正方程導(dǎo)入熱量表軟件系統(tǒng),以此方法對超聲波熱量表實際運行中出現(xiàn)的誤差進行修正。將經(jīng)過誤差修正后的熱量表樣表再次接入專用檢測裝置進行流量檢測,從而獲得新的實驗數(shù)據(jù)。并采用其他補償方式,使流量測量更加準確。通過以上工作,配合其他分量檢測,驗證了基于相位差法的超聲波熱量表可以實現(xiàn)較高精確度的計量,可最終實現(xiàn)熱量的精確計量要求。
[Abstract]:In the context of the country's efforts to promote energy conservation and emission reduction, and in the sound of strong market demand for the realization of household heat metering, through extensive reference to relevant technical information at home and abroad and access to heat meter R & D and production enterprises to conduct research and practice, The author thinks that with the continuous improvement of the heat meter technology, the ultrasonic heat meter has become a heat metering instrument which accords with the domestic domestic heating metering demand. Due to the different design schemes adopted by various manufacturers and scientific research institutes in the design of ultrasonic calorimeter, the finished product meter produced is accurate in heat metering. There are still many problems in operation stability. Considering that flow measurement is the key to accurate heat measurement, ultrasonic transducer receives, The correlation time interval measurement of ultrasonic wave is also the core part of flow measurement. In this paper, the principle of time difference method and phase difference method of ultrasonic calorimeter are compared. The phase difference method is selected to design the hardware system of the heat meter and to program the related software system. The MSP430 low-power processor is used as the core of the operation, and the time-voltage conversion circuit in the flow measurement module is used. The phase difference pulse signal measured by the former stage circuit is expressed in the form of voltage signal, which is represented by MSP430 processor A / D conversion to the phase difference counting data form, which indicates the propagation time difference. After the heat meter is made, the flow rate of ultrasonic heat meter based on phase difference method is measured by using a special measuring device. And the actual measured data are analyzed. The phase difference counting data (i.e. minimal time) obtained in the detection are fitted by the MATLAB software, which is corresponding to the different temperature points and different flow points. The experimental data of a single sample table were fitted with a comprehensive curve, and the modified equations were imported into the software system of the heat meter. This method corrects the error in the actual operation of ultrasonic calorimeter. The error-corrected calorimeter sample meter is again connected to a special detecting device for flow detection. The new experimental data are obtained, and other compensation methods are adopted to make the flow measurement more accurate. Through the above work and other component detection, it is verified that the ultrasonic heat meter based on phase difference method can achieve high accuracy measurement. The requirement of accurate measurement of heat can be realized finally.
【學位授予單位】：濟南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH81

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本文編號：1517494