發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-18 15:41

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：肺功能檢查系統(tǒng)及質(zhì)量控制研究　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 肺功能檢查 質(zhì)量控制 肺功能儀 壓差式流量計(jì) 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 外推容積

【摘要】：由于近年來(lái)空氣污染嚴(yán)重,尤其是嚴(yán)重的霧霾天氣致使慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD)患者急劇增加。COPD是一種持續(xù)氣流受限的疾病。有研究表明：肺功能檢查可以診斷和評(píng)估COPD患者,肺功能檢查已被作為診斷和評(píng)估COPD的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。然而當(dāng)前COPD的診斷率依然很低,調(diào)查其原因是因?yàn)榉喂δ軝z查的普及度較低,其質(zhì)量控制也是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的考驗(yàn)。為了提高肺功能檢查的普及度與測(cè)量結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種精度和穩(wěn)定性良好、操作簡(jiǎn)單、體積小、成本低的便攜式肺功能儀PVF-100。在此基礎(chǔ)上,又利用該肺功能儀檢查患者,收集相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),詳細(xì)研究了肺功能檢查質(zhì)量控制的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文主要工作及研究成果如下：(1)肺功能儀流量計(jì)的選擇與設(shè)計(jì)。流量計(jì)是肺功能儀的一個(gè)核心部件,本文通過(guò)調(diào)查與分析對(duì)比,選擇了壓差式流量計(jì)作為肺功能儀流量計(jì)的設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ),并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了一種基于雙壓差傳感器平衡節(jié)流式流量計(jì)的設(shè)計(jì)方案,它解決了傳統(tǒng)壓差式流量計(jì)測(cè)量范圍窄,精度不夠高的問(wèn)題。(2)肺功能儀系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。肺功能儀系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)包括呼氣信號(hào)采集模塊設(shè)計(jì)和主機(jī)測(cè)試軟件設(shè)計(jì)。呼氣信號(hào)采集模塊的微控制器選擇了51系列的單片機(jī)C8051F040,該單片機(jī)片上資源豐富,集成度高,它能滿足呼氣信號(hào)采集模塊的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)需求。對(duì)于主機(jī)測(cè)試軟件設(shè)計(jì)部分,本文首先對(duì)軟件主體流程進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),然后對(duì)軟件各個(gè)功能模塊進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹。(3)肺功能儀有效性與穩(wěn)定性驗(yàn)證。通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn),采用本文設(shè)計(jì)的肺功能儀檢查患者,收集相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),并利用數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件SPSS13.0進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析。分析結(jié)果表明：該肺功能儀有效性與穩(wěn)定性均良好,可以用于肺功能檢查。(4)肺功能檢查質(zhì)量控制研究。以本文設(shè)計(jì)的肺功能儀為基礎(chǔ),測(cè)試患者,收集數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行以下關(guān)于肺功能檢查質(zhì)量控制的研究：1、與呼氣起始標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相關(guān)的外推容積(Extrapolation Volume, EV)指標(biāo)對(duì)用力肺活量(Forced Vital Capacity, FVC)、第一秒用力呼氣容積(Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second, FEV1)、呼氣峰流速值(Peak Expiratory Flow, PEF)和呼氣峰時(shí)間(PeakExpiratory Flow Time, PEFT)參數(shù)的影響；2、兩種方法計(jì)算FEV1參數(shù)并進(jìn)行對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)；3、前6秒用力呼氣容積(Forced Expiratory Volume in Six Second,FEV6)與FVC參數(shù)用于肺功能檢查的對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)；4、培訓(xùn)與指導(dǎo)患者對(duì)于肺功能檢查質(zhì)量的影響。
[Abstract]:Air pollution has been serious in recent years. In particular, severe haze weather results in chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Rapid increase in the number of patients with COPD is a persistent airflow limitation. Studies have shown that pulmonary function tests can diagnose and evaluate COPD patients. Pulmonary function examination has been used as a gold standard for the diagnosis and evaluation of COPD. However, the diagnostic rate of COPD is still very low. The reason for the investigation is that the popularity of pulmonary function examination is low. The quality control is also a serious test. In order to improve the popularity of pulmonary function examination and the accuracy of measurement results, this paper designed a kind of good accuracy and stability, simple operation, small volume. Low-cost portable pulmonary function instrument PVF-100. On this basis, the pulmonary function instrument is used to examine patients and collect relevant data. The main work and results of this paper are as follows: selection and design of flow meter of lung function meter. Flowmeter is a core component of lung function meter. Based on the investigation and analysis, this paper selects the pressure differential Flowmeter as the basis of the design of the pulmonary Flowmeter, and puts forward a design scheme of the Flowmeter based on the double pressure difference sensor balance throttling Flowmeter. It solves the problem of narrow measurement range of traditional differential pressure Flowmeter. Problem of insufficient precision. Pulmonary function instrument system design includes breath signal acquisition module design and host test software design. The microcontroller of breath signal acquisition module selected 51 series single chip microcomputer C8051F0. 40. The MCU chip is rich in resources and high integration, it can meet the system design requirements of breath signal acquisition module. For the host test software design part, this paper designs the main software flow. Then the software function modules are introduced in detail to verify the effectiveness and stability of the pulmonary function instrument. Through the design experiment, the pulmonary function instrument designed in this paper is used to examine the patients and collect the relevant data. The data were analyzed by SPSS13.0. The results showed that the pulmonary function instrument was effective and stable. It can be used to study the quality control of pulmonary function examination. Based on the pulmonary function instrument designed in this paper, patients are tested, data collected, and the following research on quality control of pulmonary function examination: 1. Extrapolation Volume associated with expiratory initiation criteria. Forced Vital capacity (FVCs). 1 second forced Expiratory Volume in One second, FEV1). Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFV) and peak expiratory Flow Time were measured. The influence of peft parameters; 2. The FEV1 parameters were calculated by two methods and compared with each other. 3Expiratory volume forced Expiratory Volume in Six Second at 6 seconds. FEV6) and FVC parameters were used in pulmonary function examination. 4. The effect of training and instruction on the quality of pulmonary function examination.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TH789

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