本文關(guān)鍵詞：V波段多通道輻射計前端關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： V波段 過渡 分配網(wǎng)絡(luò) 單刀單擲開關(guān) 檢波器

【摘要】：氧分子以及水汽分子的諧振吸收作用會對在大氣中傳播的毫米波造成較大的衰減。其中,氧分子在50-70GHz之間分布有很多諧振吸收線。低層大氣的高氣壓會造成壓力展寬效應(yīng),而這種效應(yīng)使很多諧振吸收線相互疊加形成了連續(xù)的吸收帶。利用V波段多通道輻射計觀測大氣的這一強吸收帶,可以反演出大氣的溫度廓線,是中小尺度天氣實時監(jiān)測、預(yù)報的一種重要手段。因此,本文針對V波段多通道輻射計前端做了如下幾方面關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究。針對需要使用端口為共面線的微波單片集成電路搭建混合集成模塊的情況,研究了波導(dǎo)到共面波導(dǎo)的過渡。出于整體結(jié)構(gòu)方面的考慮,分別設(shè)計了波導(dǎo)到共面波導(dǎo)的E面過渡和H面過渡,并將兩種過渡做成背靠背結(jié)構(gòu)集成在一個模塊中。測試結(jié)果顯示,在V波段全頻段內(nèi),背靠背過渡結(jié)構(gòu)(包含中間的一段6.6mm長度的共面?zhèn)鬏斁�)的反射系數(shù)低于-13dB,插入損耗小于1.1dB。輻射計前端多個通道的分隔需要用分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)實現(xiàn)。當(dāng)兩個需要分隔的通道沒有頻段重疊時,分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)考慮使用分路器;若有重疊頻段,分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)則考慮使用魔T并在其兩平分臂后分別加濾波器的形式實現(xiàn)。針對需要的50-60GHz頻段,本文仿真設(shè)計了一個寬帶魔T,仿真結(jié)果顯示,在50-65GHz的頻段內(nèi),各端口反射系數(shù)小于-20dB,兩平分臂隔離度大于28dB。分路器采用H面T接頭連接兩個波導(dǎo)膜片濾波器的結(jié)構(gòu)實現(xiàn),仿真結(jié)果顯示,兩個通道內(nèi)的反射基本小于-15dB,兩通道中心頻點的隔離度超過40dB。針對用于校準(zhǔn)的噪聲注入模塊,設(shè)計了V波段單刀單擲開關(guān)。通過在HFSS中建立PIN管的簡化物理模型并反復(fù)提取參數(shù),設(shè)計出的開關(guān)可以實現(xiàn)在50-65GHz的頻段內(nèi)插入損耗小于1dB,隔離度大于16dB。檢波器將各通道接收到的高頻信號轉(zhuǎn)換為便于后端處理的低頻信號,是輻射計前端的關(guān)鍵模塊。通過在HFSS中建立檢波二極管的簡化物理模型、設(shè)計寬帶直流回路、低通濾波器和匹配電路,設(shè)計出的零偏置檢波器在50-60GHz的頻帶內(nèi)電壓靈敏度均大于4800mV/mW。
[Abstract]:The resonant absorption of oxygen molecules and water vapor molecules will cause great attenuation of millimeter waves propagating in the atmosphere. There are many resonant absorption lines in the range of 50-70 GHz for oxygen molecules. High atmospheric pressure in the lower atmosphere will cause pressure broadening effect. This effect makes many resonant absorption lines superimposed on each other to form a continuous absorption band. The temperature profile of the atmosphere can be reversed by using the V-band multi-channel radiometer to observe the strong absorption band of the atmosphere. It is an important means of real-time weather monitoring and forecasting in medium and small scale. In this paper, the key technologies of the V band multichannel radiometer front end are studied in the following aspects, aiming at the case that the microwave monolithic integrated circuit with the port as the coplanar line is used to build the hybrid integrated module. The transition from the waveguide to the coplanar waveguide is studied. The E plane transition and the H plane transition from the waveguide to the coplanar waveguide are designed for the consideration of the overall structure. The two transitions are integrated into a single module with back-to-back structure. The test results show that the two transitions are in the full frequency band of V band. The reflection coefficient of a back-to-back transition structure (including a coplanar transmission line of 6.6mm in length in the middle) is less than -13dB. The insertion loss is less than 1.1 dB. The separation of multiple channels at the front end of the radiometer needs to be implemented by a distribution network. When there is no overlap of frequency bands between the two channels that need to be separated, the network considers the use of a splitter. If there are overlapping bands, the distribution network considers the use of magic T and separate filters after its two parallel arms. For the required 50-60 GHz band, a broadband magic T is simulated and designed in this paper. The simulation results show that the reflection coefficient of each port is less than -20dB in the frequency range of 50-65GHz. The isolating degree of two parallel arms is more than 28 dB. The splitter is realized by H plane T junction and two waveguide diaphragm filters. The simulation results show that the reflection in the two channels is less than -15dB. The isolation of the center frequency of the two channels is more than 40 dB. The noise injection module is used for calibration. A V-band single-pole single-throw switch is designed. The simplified physical model of PIN tube is established in HFSS and the parameters are extracted repeatedly. The designed switch can realize the insertion loss of less than 1dB in the frequency band of 50-65GHz. The isolation is greater than 16dB.The detector converts the high-frequency signals received by each channel into low-frequency signals which are easy to process at the back end. It is the key module of radiometer front-end. By establishing a simplified physical model of detector diode in HFSS, the broadband DC loop, low-pass filter and matching circuit are designed. The designed zero-offset detector has a voltage sensitivity greater than 4800mV / mW in the frequency band of 50-60GHz.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TH76

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