【摘要】：為了同時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)更大頻寬,更多類型的雷達(dá)信號(hào),雷達(dá)偵察接收機(jī)采用寬帶數(shù)字波束形成(DBF)技術(shù),通過(guò)數(shù)字信號(hào)處理獲得良好的瞬時(shí)空間覆蓋和高分辨特性,這對(duì)于電子偵察十分有利。但是寬帶偵察DBF的突出問(wèn)題是:目標(biāo)信號(hào)的工作帶寬可能覆蓋若干個(gè)倍頻程,如果按照最高工作頻率不發(fā)生柵瓣的要求設(shè)計(jì)陣元間距(最小間距),則對(duì)低頻段信號(hào)不僅難以設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),還會(huì)出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的陣元間互相耦合;而如果按照最低頻率不發(fā)生陣元間互相耦合設(shè)計(jì)陣元間距(最大間距),則對(duì)高頻段信號(hào)會(huì)出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的柵瓣。本文首先介紹了研究背景以及分析了抑制柵瓣對(duì)寬帶偵察DBF的重要意義。然后,本文研究了寬帶數(shù)字波束形成的方法和最優(yōu)波束準(zhǔn)則,同時(shí)理論分析了柵瓣問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因,并且通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證了波束方向圖的柵瓣與陣元間距、主瓣指向等參數(shù)的關(guān)系。最后,本文重點(diǎn)研究了寬帶波束柵瓣抑制的技術(shù)。針對(duì)寬帶信號(hào)波束的柵瓣問(wèn)題,研究了基于頻率加權(quán)的寬帶波束合成器技術(shù),并且仿真分析了該寬帶波束合成器抑制柵瓣的性能。針對(duì)超寬帶信號(hào)波束的柵瓣問(wèn)題,本文提出了局部均勻組合陣列技術(shù)和柵瓣等波動(dòng)陣列技術(shù)兩種方法抑制柵瓣。通過(guò)將基于頻率加權(quán)的寬帶波束合成器應(yīng)用到局部均勻組合陣列設(shè)計(jì)中,分頻段處理超寬帶信號(hào)達(dá)到了柵瓣抑制的效果;通過(guò)對(duì)柵瓣等波動(dòng)陣列設(shè)計(jì)的理論分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)仿真,論證了其抑制超寬帶信號(hào)波束柵瓣的效果。本文對(duì)局部均勻組合陣列技術(shù)和柵瓣等波動(dòng)陣列設(shè)計(jì)的兩種方法進(jìn)行了比較,分析得出了它們的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:In order to deal with more types of radar signals with larger bandwidth and at the same time, the radar reconnaissance receiver adopts broadband digital beamforming (DBF) technology to obtain good instantaneous spatial coverage and high resolution characteristics through digital signal processing, which is very beneficial to electronic reconnaissance. However, the outstanding problem of broadband reconnaissance DBF is that the working bandwidth of the target signal may cover several octaves. If the array element spacing (minimum spacing) is designed according to the requirement that the gate lobe does not occur at the highest operating frequency, it is not only difficult to design the structure for the low frequency band signal, but also serious coupling between the array elements will occur. If the array element spacing (maximum spacing) is designed according to the lowest frequency, there will be a serious gate lobe for the high frequency band signal. In this paper, the research background is introduced and the significance of gate lobe suppression for broadband reconnaissance DBF is analyzed. Then, the method of broadband digital beamforming and the optimal beam criterion are studied in this paper. At the same time, the causes of the gate lobe problem are analyzed theoretically, and the relationship between the gate lobe of the beam pattern and the parameters such as array element spacing and main lobe direction is verified by simulation. Finally, this paper focuses on the broadband beam gate lobe suppression technology. Aiming at the gate lobe problem of broadband signal beam, the technology of broadband beamsynthesizer based on frequency weighting is studied, and the performance of the broadband beamsynthesizer in suppressing gate lobe is simulated and analyzed. In order to solve the gate lobe problem of ultra-broadband signal beam, two methods, local uniform combination array technique and gate lobe wave array technique, are proposed to suppress the gate lobe. By applying the broadband beamsynthesizer based on frequency weighting to the design of local uniform combined array, the ultra-broadband signal is processed in frequency band to achieve the effect of gate lobe suppression, and the effect of suppressing the gate lobe of ultra-broadband signal beam is demonstrated through the theoretical analysis and experimental simulation of the wave array design such as gate lobe. In this paper, two methods of wave array design, such as local uniform combination array technique and gate lobe, are compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN971

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