【摘要】：隨著新型光束控制器、超穩(wěn)激光器、高數(shù)據(jù)率接收器和適于空間應(yīng)用的先進通信電子設(shè)備的研究逐漸成熟和應(yīng)用，衛(wèi)星光通信技術(shù)迅速發(fā)展起來。衛(wèi)星光通信技術(shù)是以激光作為載體在星間、星地之間建立高速、大容量的數(shù)據(jù)通信鏈路。與微波通信相比，衛(wèi)星光通信的主要優(yōu)點是：體積小、重量輕、信息容量大和抗干擾能力強等。對于點對點的衛(wèi)星光通信系統(tǒng)而言，光學(xué)天線是衛(wèi)星光通信系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵部件，它直接影響著激光鏈路的鏈接，大視場的光學(xué)系統(tǒng)可以有效的減小鏈路連接的時間，因此研究適用于衛(wèi)星光通信的大視場光學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計具有重要的意義。 本文的研究對象是衛(wèi)星光通信終端的光學(xué)系統(tǒng)，以設(shè)計大視場的衛(wèi)星光通信光學(xué)系統(tǒng)為研究目標(biāo)，通過理論分析與仿真相結(jié)合的方法，設(shè)計了適用于衛(wèi)星光通信的大視場光學(xué)系統(tǒng)。其主要內(nèi)容如下： 首先，對國內(nèi)外衛(wèi)星光通信終端的光學(xué)系統(tǒng)研究進展及參數(shù)指標(biāo)進行了概述，對典型的兩鏡系統(tǒng)和三鏡系統(tǒng)的理論進行了必要的闡述，比較了衛(wèi)星光通信終端常用的幾種光學(xué)系統(tǒng)。 其次，基于一般情況下衛(wèi)星光通信收發(fā)系統(tǒng)共用的特點，推導(dǎo)了適用于此光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的像差表達以及消像差條件，總結(jié)了衛(wèi)星光通信光學(xué)天線設(shè)計的特點。以消像差條件為依據(jù)，設(shè)計了兩種不同遮擋比的同軸兩反光學(xué)系統(tǒng)。對所設(shè)計的系統(tǒng)進行了像質(zhì)評價并對這兩種光學(xué)系統(tǒng)進行了對比。 再次，以同軸兩反光學(xué)系統(tǒng)為基礎(chǔ)，設(shè)計出焦距為500mm，通光口徑為100mm，視場為3mrad的無遮擋的離軸兩反射式光學(xué)系統(tǒng)。 最后，由于兩反系統(tǒng)自由參數(shù)少，視場和像差校正之間存在矛盾，限制進一步提高兩反系統(tǒng)的視場，研究了三反射式光學(xué)系統(tǒng)，給出了由輪廓尺寸系數(shù)求結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的關(guān)系，設(shè)計出焦距為500mm，通光口徑為100mm，視場為1.21.2的無遮擋的離軸三反射式光學(xué)系統(tǒng)，，對所設(shè)計的系統(tǒng)進行了像質(zhì)評價。
[Abstract]:With the research and application of new beam controller, ultra-stable laser, high data rate receiver and advanced communication electronic equipment suitable for space applications, satellite optical communication technology has developed rapidly. Satellite optical communication technology uses laser as carrier to establish high speed and large capacity data communication link between stars and ground. Compared with microwave communication, the main advantages of satellite optical communication are small volume, light weight, large information capacity and strong anti-interference ability. For point-to-point satellite optical communication system, optical antenna is the key component of satellite optical communication system, which directly affects the link of laser link. Optical system with large field of view can effectively reduce the connection time of link. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the design of large field of view optical system suitable for satellite optical communication. The research object of this paper is the optical system of satellite optical communication terminal. Taking the design of satellite optical communication optical system with large field of view as the research goal, a large field of view optical system suitable for satellite optical communication is designed by combining theoretical analysis and simulation. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the research progress and parameter index of optical system of satellite optical communication terminal at home and abroad are summarized, the theory of typical two-mirror system and three-mirror system is expounded, and several kinds of optical systems commonly used in satellite optical communication terminal are compared. Secondly, based on the common characteristics of satellite optical communication transceiver system, the aberration expression and subtraction conditions suitable for this optical system are derived, and the characteristics of satellite optical communication optical antenna design are summarized. Two coaxial and two anti-optical systems with different occlusion ratios are designed based on the distortion cancellation condition. The image quality of the designed system is evaluated and the two optical systems are compared. Thirdly, based on the coaxial two-reflection optical system, an off-axis two-reflection optical system with focal length of 500mm, light aperture of 100mm and field of view of 3mrad is designed. Finally, because the free parameters of the two inverse systems are few, there is a contradiction between the field of view and the distortion correction, the field of view of the two inverse systems is further improved, and the three-reflection optical system is studied. the relationship between the structural dimensions of the three-reflection optical system with focal length of 500 mm, optical aperture of 100 mm and field of view of 1.21.2 is designed, and the image quality of the designed system is evaluated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN927.2

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