【摘要】：無(wú)載波超寬帶雷達(dá)以其具有高距離分辨率、強(qiáng)抗干擾性、強(qiáng)穿透性等優(yōu)勢(shì),在軍事和民用方面具有很好的實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文在分析無(wú)載波超寬帶雷達(dá)信號(hào)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)其信號(hào)檢測(cè)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深入的研究。論文的主要研究工作如下:1.針對(duì)無(wú)載波超寬帶雷達(dá)信號(hào)建模,詳細(xì)分析了雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)射波形和目標(biāo)的散射模型,并結(jié)合雜波起伏模型,給出了無(wú)載波超寬帶雷達(dá)的目標(biāo)回波模型。2.研究分析了基于Hough變換的無(wú)載波超寬帶雷達(dá)信號(hào)檢測(cè)算法。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的Hough變換信號(hào)檢測(cè)算法難以解決檢測(cè)性能與算法運(yùn)算量之間的矛盾,利用無(wú)載波超寬帶雷達(dá)目標(biāo)的距離擴(kuò)展特性提出了一種改進(jìn)的基于Hough變換的信號(hào)檢測(cè)算法。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,改進(jìn)后算法在性能損失不大的情況下,算法的運(yùn)算時(shí)間降低約45%。3.研究了存在距離走動(dòng)情況下多次脈沖回波的脈間積累檢測(cè)問(wèn)題。從目標(biāo)回波的特性以及目標(biāo)的運(yùn)動(dòng)特征入手,提出了兩種基于運(yùn)動(dòng)補(bǔ)償?shù)臒o(wú)載波超寬帶雷達(dá)滑窗檢測(cè)算法。前者根據(jù)相鄰兩次目標(biāo)回波包絡(luò)的相似性通過(guò)互相關(guān)處理實(shí)現(xiàn)多次回波的包絡(luò)對(duì)齊;后者,通過(guò)滑窗積累及動(dòng)態(tài)聚類算法估計(jì)目標(biāo)的參數(shù)信息并進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)補(bǔ)償。仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了這兩種檢測(cè)方法的可行性。4.研究了基于動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃(Dynamic Programming,DP)的無(wú)載波超寬帶雷達(dá)檢測(cè)前跟蹤算法(Track Before Detection,TBD)。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的DP-TBD算法在處理過(guò)程中所出現(xiàn)的能量擴(kuò)散效應(yīng),通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理和方向加權(quán)算法提出了一種改進(jìn)的DP-TBD算法。仿真結(jié)果表明改進(jìn)后的算法不僅能有效剔除能量擴(kuò)散效應(yīng)所產(chǎn)生的虛假航跡,而且還能提高算法的檢測(cè)性能及運(yùn)算效率。同時(shí),從檢測(cè)性能和算法運(yùn)算量?jī)蓚�(gè)方面對(duì)比分析了基于改進(jìn)的Hough變換檢測(cè)算法、基于運(yùn)動(dòng)補(bǔ)償?shù)幕皺z測(cè)算法以及基于改進(jìn)的動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃?rùn)z測(cè)前跟蹤算法。
[Abstract]:Carrier-free ultra-broadband radar has good practical application value in military and civil fields because of its advantages of high range resolution, strong anti-interference, strong penetration and so on. Based on the analysis of the signal model of carrier-free UWB radar, the signal detection technology is deeply studied in this paper. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1. Aiming at the modeling of ultra-broadband radar signal without carrier, the transmitting waveform of radar system and the scattering model of target are analyzed in detail, and the target echo model of carrier-free ultra-broadband radar is given. 2. The signal detection algorithm of carrier-free UWB radar based on Hough transform is studied and analyzed. In view of the fact that the traditional Hough transform signal detection algorithm is difficult to solve the contradiction between the detection performance and the computational complexity of the algorithm, an improved signal detection algorithm based on Hough transform is proposed by using the range spread characteristics of ultra-broadband radar targets without carrier. The simulation results show that the operation time of the improved algorithm is reduced by about 45% when the performance loss is small. The problem of inter-pulse accumulation detection of multiple pulse echoes in the presence of range walking is studied. Based on the characteristics of target echo and the motion characteristics of the target, two sliding window detection algorithms based on motion compensation for ultra-broadband radar without carrier are proposed. According to the similarity of echo envelope of two adjacent targets, the former realizes the envelope alignment of multiple echoes by cross-correlation processing, while the latter estimates the parameter information of the target through sliding window accumulation and dynamic clustering algorithm and compensates for motion. The simulation results verify the feasibility of the two detection methods. 4. The pre-detection tracking algorithm (Track Before Detection,TBD for carrier-free UWB radar based on dynamic programming (Dynamic Programming,DP) is studied. Aiming at the energy diffusion effect of the traditional DP-TBD algorithm in the process of processing, an improved DP-TBD algorithm is proposed by data preprocessing and direction weighting algorithm. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm can not only effectively eliminate the false tracks caused by the energy diffusion effect, but also improve the detection performance and operation efficiency of the algorithm. At the same time, the improved Hough transform detection algorithm, sliding window detection algorithm based on motion compensation and pre-detection tracking algorithm based on improved dynamic programming are compared and analyzed from two aspects of detection performance and algorithm computation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN957.51

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本文編號(hào)：2497232