【摘要】：近年來,隨著在全世界范圍內(nèi)人們對(duì)能源的需求量與日俱增,傳統(tǒng)能源面臨枯竭的危機(jī)。面對(duì)全球性能源危機(jī)愈演愈烈,開發(fā)與利用空間太陽(yáng)能得到前所未有的重視,隨著空間太陽(yáng)能衛(wèi)星這一概念的提出,人類全面開發(fā)利用空間太陽(yáng)能將逐漸成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。微波輸能技術(shù)是太陽(yáng)能衛(wèi)星中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),其主要應(yīng)用也在于此。此外,微波輸能技術(shù)在其他領(lǐng)域也獲得了廣泛應(yīng)用,如高空飛行器、惡劣環(huán)境的電力供應(yīng)和低功率密度應(yīng)用等。因此,對(duì)微波輸能技術(shù)的研究己經(jīng)變得越來越有應(yīng)用潛力和實(shí)際意義。整流天線是微波輸能系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵器件,它是由接收天線和整流電路兩部分組成。在Ka波段中,35GHz為典型的大氣窗口頻率,該頻率電磁波穿過大氣層時(shí)衰減較小,表現(xiàn)為較少被反射、吸收和散射,傳輸效率高。此外,相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)微波頻段,如S波段、C波段的整流天線,Ka波段整流天線具有明顯的體積優(yōu)勢(shì)。鑒于以上原因,本文選擇35GHz作為整流天線的中心頻率。本文的主要工作包括:1.設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩款Ka波段的微帶接收天線,其工作頻率均為35GHz。基于微帶貼片天線設(shè)計(jì)原理、T型接頭和饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)模擬仿真,借助于電磁仿真軟件HFSS,陣列天線的設(shè)計(jì)得以完成并實(shí)現(xiàn)。2×2陣列天線測(cè)試達(dá)到了13.9dB的增益以及1.45GHz的帶寬;4×4陣列天線測(cè)試達(dá)到了19.8dB的增益以及1.85GHz的帶寬。2.設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩款Ka波段的整流電路,其工作頻率均為35GHz。基于S參數(shù)、諧波平衡、參數(shù)優(yōu)化等模擬仿真,設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩款高效的整流電路。為了便于整流天線的系統(tǒng)仿真優(yōu)化,可將接收天線等效成內(nèi)阻與接收天線輸入阻抗相等的功率源,該功率源作為整流電路的信號(hào)源。該部分的工作重點(diǎn)在于分析不同頻率、不同輸入功率時(shí)整流電路的轉(zhuǎn)換效率。針對(duì)兩款整流電路,對(duì)相同輸入功率以及不同輸入功率間的仿真轉(zhuǎn)換效率和實(shí)測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)換效率進(jìn)行了比較,并對(duì)觀察到的現(xiàn)象做了合理分析。對(duì)于串聯(lián)整流電路,在工作頻率為35GHz,輸入功率為18dBm的條件下實(shí)現(xiàn)了55%的最高轉(zhuǎn)換效率;而對(duì)于并聯(lián)整流電路,在工作頻率為35GHz,輸入功率為18dBm的條件下實(shí)現(xiàn)了53%的最高轉(zhuǎn)換效率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasing demand for energy all over the world, traditional energy is facing the crisis of depletion. In the face of the global energy crisis, the development and utilization of space solar energy has received unprecedented attention. with the introduction of the concept of space solar satellite, the comprehensive development and utilization of space solar energy will gradually become a reality. Microwave energy transfer technology is the key technology of solar satellite, and its main application lies in it. In addition, microwave energy transfer technology has been widely used in other fields, such as high altitude aircraft, power supply in harsh environment and low power density application. Therefore, the study of microwave energy transfer technology has become more and more potential and practical significance. Rectifier antenna is the key device in microwave energy transmission system, which is composed of receiving antenna and rectifier circuit. In Ka band, 35GHz is a typical atmospheric window frequency. When the frequency electromagnetic wave passes through the atmosphere, the attenuation is small, which is less reflected, absorbed and scattered, and the transmission efficiency is high. In addition, compared with the traditional microwave band, such as S band, C band rectifier antenna, Ka band rectifier antenna has obvious volume advantages. In view of the above reasons, this paper chooses 35GHz as the center frequency of rectifier antenna. The main work of this paper includes: 1. Two Ka band microstrip receiving antennas are designed and implemented, both of which operate at 35GHz. Based on the design principle of microstrip patch antenna, T-joint and feed network simulation, with the help of electromagnetic simulation software HFSS, The design of array antenna is completed and realized. 2 脳 2 array antenna test achieves the gain of 13.9dB and the bandwidth of 1.45GHz. The 4 脳 4 array antenna test achieves the gain of 19.8dB and the bandwidth of 1.85GHz. 2. Two Ka band rectifier circuits are designed and implemented, both of which operate at 35GHz. Based on the simulation of S parameters, harmonic balance and parameter optimization, two efficient rectifier circuits are designed and implemented. In order to facilitate the system simulation and optimization of the rectifier antenna, the receiving antenna can be equivalent to the input impedance of the receiving antenna, which can be used as the signal source of the rectifier circuit. The focus of this part is to analyze the conversion efficiency of rectifier circuits at different frequencies and different input power. For the two rectifier circuits, the simulation conversion efficiency and the measured conversion efficiency between the same input power and different input power are compared, and the observed phenomena are analyzed reasonably. For the series rectifier circuit, the maximum conversion efficiency of 55% is realized under the condition that the working frequency is 35GHz and the input power is 18dBm. For parallel rectifier circuits, the maximum conversion efficiency of 53% is realized when the operating frequency is 35GHz and the input power is 18dBm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN822

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本文編號(hào)：2494749