【摘要】：無線多媒體傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)是一個多學(xué)科高度交叉的研究領(lǐng)域,除了要完成無線傳感器對簡單環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)的采集功能外,同時要實(shí)現(xiàn)多媒體信息的獲取與通信等功能,已成為農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的重要研究與應(yīng)用技術(shù),可被廣泛應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境監(jiān)測與控制監(jiān)控、環(huán)境監(jiān)測、智能家居等領(lǐng)域。對無線多媒體傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì),主要包括傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)和匯聚節(jié)點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)完成的功能不同,選擇不同的功能模塊,主要功能模塊包括:電源模塊、無線通信模塊、環(huán)境感知模塊、圖像采集模塊、太陽能充電模塊、串口轉(zhuǎn)WiFi模塊。依據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)不同的硬件系統(tǒng)完成相應(yīng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì),主要包括主控芯片的休眠喚醒程序設(shè)計(jì)、無線通信程序設(shè)計(jì)、圖像采集程序設(shè)計(jì)。在完成硬件和軟件設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上,對系統(tǒng)性能進(jìn)行測試和試驗(yàn),主要包括:電壓下降與丟包率的關(guān)系測試、節(jié)點(diǎn)采集頻率與節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗、通信距離與節(jié)點(diǎn)高度的關(guān)系、發(fā)射功率與通測距離的關(guān)系等測試。為進(jìn)一步降低能耗,延長網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存周期,將改進(jìn)的LEACH算法引入到搭建的無線多媒體傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中進(jìn)行仿真和驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)。將節(jié)點(diǎn)的剩余能量和節(jié)點(diǎn)與匯聚節(jié)點(diǎn)的距離引入LEACH算法簇首選舉中,通過理論推導(dǎo)獲得網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的最優(yōu)簇頭數(shù)目,并將獲得的最優(yōu)簇頭數(shù)目通過K值聚類進(jìn)行分簇。在Matlab中對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的節(jié)點(diǎn)存活個數(shù)、剩余能量等方面進(jìn)行仿真分析,基于搭建的無線多媒體傳感器平臺進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),仿真和驗(yàn)證結(jié)果表明本研究提出的LEACH-ED算法在網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生命周期和網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載方面具有較高的優(yōu)越性。并在此基礎(chǔ)上對節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行實(shí)地運(yùn)行測試,結(jié)果表明本研究設(shè)計(jì)的豬舍無線多媒體傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)能夠很好的完成多媒體信息的采集和傳輸,滿足實(shí)際應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:Wireless multimedia sensor network technology is a highly interdisciplinary research field. In addition to the acquisition function of wireless sensor to simple environment data, it is necessary to realize the acquisition and communication of multimedia information. It has become an important research and application technology in agricultural Internet of things, which can be widely used in agricultural environmental monitoring and control monitoring, environmental monitoring, smart home and other fields. The design of wireless multimedia sensor node mainly includes sensor node design and sink node design. According to the different functions of the node, different functional modules are selected. The main functional modules include: power module, wireless communication module, environment sensing module, image acquisition module, solar charging module, serial port to WiFi module. According to the different hardware systems of the nodes, the corresponding software design is completed, including the dormant wake-up program design of the main control chip, the wireless communication program design and the image acquisition program design. On the basis of hardware and software design, the performance of the system is tested and tested, including the relationship between voltage drop and packet loss rate, the relationship between node acquisition frequency and node energy consumption, and the relationship between communication distance and node height. The relationship between transmission power and measured distance is measured. In order to further reduce energy consumption and prolong the network life cycle, the improved LEACH algorithm is introduced into the built wireless multimedia sensor network for simulation and verification experiments. The residual energy of the node and the distance between the node and the sink node are introduced into the cluster head election of LEACH algorithm. The optimal number of cluster heads in the network is obtained by theoretical derivation, and the optimal number of cluster heads is grouped by K-valued clustering. The number of nodes and the remaining energy of the network are simulated and analyzed in Matlab, and the verification experiments are carried out based on the built wireless multimedia sensor platform. The simulation and verification results show that the LEACH-ED algorithm proposed in this paper has high advantages in network life cycle and network load. On this basis, the field operation test of the node is carried out, and the results show that the wireless multimedia sensor node of the pigsty designed in this study can complete the collection and transmission of multimedia information, and meet the practical application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN919.8

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本文編號：2488458