【摘要】：森林火災(zāi)嚴(yán)重威脅著森林的健康,森林火險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)是保衛(wèi)森林不受火災(zāi)侵害的重要方法。論文分析了森林火險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)的現(xiàn)狀和目前使用的主要技術(shù),這些技術(shù)中基于無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(WSN)的監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)很新穎；同時(shí)分析了WSN及其特點(diǎn)。WSN的特點(diǎn)使得它非常適用于森林火險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)領(lǐng)域,于是提出了基于WSN的火險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)。單獨(dú)的WSN不足以順利完成監(jiān)測(cè)任務(wù),它缺少空間數(shù)據(jù)分析處理能力,故引入GIS系統(tǒng)以彌補(bǔ)其不足,增強(qiáng)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的正確性和高效性。WSN節(jié)點(diǎn)由電池提供能量,鄰近基站的節(jié)點(diǎn)需要為其他節(jié)點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)數(shù)據(jù),其能量消耗較大,這導(dǎo)致了WSN中節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗不均的問(wèn)題。針對(duì)該問(wèn)題本文提出了平衡能耗的多移動(dòng)基站算法,該算法針對(duì)森林的特殊情況,通過(guò)劃分平衡子回路和控制基站周期性逗留的策略,解決了基站附近節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗不均的問(wèn)題。論文對(duì)算法的近似度、有效性、時(shí)間和空間復(fù)雜度進(jìn)行了理論分析,結(jié)果證明了算法的正確性和可行性；最后進(jìn)行了仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果顯示該算法相比SDMA和DAWN算法有更好的效果。基于多移動(dòng)基站的無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)在森林火險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)中使用壽命相對(duì)較長(zhǎng),能保證系統(tǒng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間持續(xù)地監(jiān)測(cè)森林,從而保衛(wèi)森林的健康。
[Abstract]:Forest fire is a serious threat to forest health. Forest fire risk monitoring is an important method to protect forest from fire. This paper analyzes the status quo of forest fire risk monitoring and the main technologies used at present. Among these technologies, the monitoring technology based on wireless sensor network (WSN) is very novel. At the same time, WSN and its characteristics are analyzed. The characteristics of WSN make it very suitable for forest fire risk monitoring field. Therefore, a fire risk monitoring system based on WSN is put forward. The single WSN is not enough to successfully complete the monitoring task, and it lacks the ability of spatial data analysis and processing. Therefore, the GIS system is introduced to make up for its deficiency and enhance the correctness and efficiency of the monitoring system. The node adjacent to the base station needs to forward the data for other nodes, and its energy consumption is large, which leads to the uneven energy consumption of the nodes in the WSN. In order to solve this problem, a multi-mobile base station algorithm for balancing energy consumption is proposed in this paper. In view of the special situation of forest, this algorithm solves the problem of uneven energy consumption of nodes near the base station by dividing the balance sub-loop and controlling the periodic stay of the base station. In this paper, the approximation, efficiency, time and space complexity of the algorithm are analyzed theoretically, and the results show that the algorithm is correct and feasible. Finally, the simulation results show that the algorithm is better than the SDMA and DAWN algorithms. The wireless sensor network based on multi-mobile base station has a relatively long service life in forest fire risk monitoring, which can ensure the system to monitor forest for a long time and protect forest health.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：S762;TP212.9;TN929.5

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