【摘要】：雷達(dá)微弱目標(biāo)檢測(cè)與跟蹤一直是警戒雷達(dá)研究的熱點(diǎn)，而隨著的隱身技術(shù)高速發(fā)展，雷達(dá)的檢測(cè)與跟蹤性能不斷受到挑戰(zhàn)。微弱目標(biāo)由于雷達(dá)截面積小導(dǎo)致回波信號(hào)信噪比低而難以被檢測(cè)，一般通過(guò)信號(hào)處理的方法來(lái)提高信號(hào)的信噪比，而一條有效的途徑就是對(duì)回波信號(hào)能量進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間積累。它主要分為兩種方式：?jiǎn)螏L(zhǎng)時(shí)間相干累積和多幀非相干累積。 本文主要針對(duì)不同特性的雷達(dá)微弱目標(biāo)，分別對(duì)兩種能量累積方式進(jìn)行研究，并結(jié)合工程實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種基于動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃的檢測(cè)前跟蹤方法。首先以高機(jī)動(dòng)性目標(biāo)為研究對(duì)象，對(duì)單幀相干積累方法做了研究。針對(duì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間積累時(shí)速度引起的距離徙動(dòng)問(wèn)題，，討論了Keystone變換的方法；針對(duì)加速度引起的頻譜擴(kuò)散問(wèn)題，討論了分?jǐn)?shù)階傅里葉變換方法。然后以弱機(jī)動(dòng)性目標(biāo)為研究對(duì)象，對(duì)多幀非相干累積方法做了研究，主要討論了基于動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃的檢測(cè)前跟蹤方法。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)方法的不足，給出了一種改進(jìn)的方法：以速度距離構(gòu)造代價(jià)轉(zhuǎn)移函數(shù)，估計(jì)出目標(biāo)航跡，再沿航跡累積能量并設(shè)置門(mén)限進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)航跡。仿真及實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)處理結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了改進(jìn)方法能夠有效的提高檢測(cè)與跟蹤性能。最后，結(jié)合改進(jìn)的基于動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃的檢測(cè)前跟蹤方法介紹了雷達(dá)信號(hào)處理的工程實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)，進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了該改進(jìn)的方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Radar weak target detection and tracking has been a hot spot in the research of alert radar, and with the rapid development of stealth technology, the performance of radar detection and tracking has been constantly challenged. The weak target is difficult to be detected because of the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the echo signal due to the small cross-sectional area of the radar. Generally, the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal is improved by signal processing, and an effective way is to accumulate the energy of the echo signal for a long time. It can be divided into two ways: single frame long-time coherent accumulation and multi-frame noncoherent accumulation. In this paper, two kinds of energy accumulation methods are studied for radar weak targets with different characteristics, and a pre-detection tracking method based on dynamic programming is implemented in combination with engineering. Firstly, the single frame coherent integration method is studied with the high mobility target as the research object. In order to solve the problem of range migration caused by velocity in long time accumulation, the method of Keystone transform is discussed, and the method of fractional Fourier transform is discussed to solve the problem of spectrum diffusion caused by acceleration. Then, taking weak maneuverability target as the research object, the multi-frame incoherent accumulation method is studied, and the pre-detection tracking method based on dynamic programming is mainly discussed. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional method, an improved method is proposed, which is to construct a cost transfer function based on velocity distance, estimate the target track, and then accumulate energy along the track and set a threshold to further confirm the track. Simulation and experimental data processing results show that the improved method can effectively improve the performance of detection and tracking. Finally, combined with the improved pre-detection tracking method based on dynamic programming, the engineering implementation technology of radar signal processing is introduced, and the effectiveness of the improved method is further verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN953

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