【摘要】：隨著隱身技術的不斷發(fā)展和應用,目標如軍艦、殲擊機和導彈等的雷達反射截面積(RCS)急劇減小,雷達反射回波的信噪比下降,導致目標檢測概率迅速降低,對雷達目標檢測帶來巨大挑戰(zhàn),因此對微弱目標進行有效檢測對于現代雷達技術的發(fā)展具有重要意義。本文首先研究了微弱目標檢測的基本理論知識,在深入研究微弱目標檢測相關理論的基礎之上,分析了目前常用的提高信噪比的幾種方法,包括雜波抑制技術、長時間積累技術和距離走動補償技術等。然后又分析了檢測前跟蹤(TBD)技術相比于檢測后跟蹤(DBT)技術的優(yōu)點,接下來介紹了兩種基于非相參積累的TBD算法,基于Hough變換的TBD算法和基于動態(tài)規(guī)劃的TBD算法,介紹了兩種算法的基本原理和實現方法,并通過計算機仿真結果分析了兩種算法對微弱目標檢測的有效性,同時指出了這兩種算法存在的問題,傳統(tǒng)的TBD算法在多幀回波之間采用非相參能量積累,會造成一定的積累損失,本文分析了基于多幀回波的相參TBD算法,相比傳統(tǒng)的TBD算法對微弱目標檢測有更大的改善,接下來本文主要研究了四種多幀相參TBD算法,分別是基于時域、頻域、包絡插值移位和keystone變換的多幀相參TBD算法,給出了四種基于多幀相參TBD算法的目標運動模型和回波信號模型,介紹了四種基于多幀回波數據相參的TBD算法的基本原理、實現方法與步驟,最后對這四種基于多幀數據相參TBD算法進行了計算機仿真,結果分析驗證了四種相參TBD算法對高速微弱目標檢測的有效性,并對四種算法性能給出了分析和比較。
[Abstract]:With the development and application of stealth technology, the (RCS) of radar reflection cross-sectional area of target such as warship, fighter and missile decreases sharply, and the signal-to-noise ratio of radar reflection echo decreases, which leads to the rapid reduction of target detection probability. Therefore, effective detection of weak targets is of great significance for the development of modern radar technology. Firstly, the basic theoretical knowledge of weak target detection is studied in this paper. On the basis of deep research on the correlation theory of weak target detection, several commonly used methods to improve signal-to-noise ratio are analyzed, including clutter suppression technology. Long-term accumulation technology and distance walk compensation technology, etc. Then the advantages of pre-detection tracking (TBD) technology over post-detection tracking (DBT) technology are analyzed. Then two TBD algorithms based on non-coherent accumulation, TBD algorithm based on Hough transform and TBD algorithm based on dynamic programming are introduced. The basic principles and implementation methods of the two algorithms are introduced, and the effectiveness of the two algorithms for weak target detection is analyzed by computer simulation results. At the same time, the existing problems of the two algorithms are pointed out. The traditional TBD algorithm uses non-coherent energy accumulation between multi-frame echoes, which will cause a certain accumulation loss. This paper analyzes the coherent TBD algorithm based on multi-frame echoes. Compared with the traditional TBD algorithm, it has a greater improvement on weak target detection. Next, four kinds of multi-frame coherent TBD algorithms are studied, which are based on time domain, frequency domain, envelope interpolation shift and keystone transform. In this paper, four kinds of target motion models and echo signal models based on multi-frame coherent TBD algorithm are presented. The basic principles, implementation methods and steps of four TBD algorithms based on multi-frame echo data coherence are introduced. Finally, the computer simulations of the four coherent TBD algorithms based on multi-frame data are carried out. The results show that the four coherent TBD algorithms are effective for high-speed weak target detection, and the performance of the four algorithms is analyzed and compared.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN957.51

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本文編號：2437836