發(fā)布時間：2019-03-02 15:10

【摘要】：適宜的環(huán)境對促進農(nóng)作物的生長和高產(chǎn)起著舉足輕重的作用，因此對作物生長環(huán)境進行實時的監(jiān)測一直是農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的一項重要任務(wù)。目前，國內(nèi)外對農(nóng)業(yè)監(jiān)控技術(shù)的研究都十分重視，也取得了一些成果。但我國的作物生長環(huán)境監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)仍存在監(jiān)測項目單一、成本高、可靠性低等缺點。 最近幾年出現(xiàn)了成本低、體積小、功耗低且具有多種功能的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)，它主要是由多個傳感器節(jié)點構(gòu)成，融合了多種技術(shù)，如集成電路、片上系統(tǒng)、無線通信、微機電系統(tǒng)及低功耗嵌入式技術(shù)等。ZigBee技術(shù)是非常具有代表性的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)，具有無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的全部優(yōu)點，已被廣泛的應(yīng)用到智能家居、工業(yè)監(jiān)控和軍事偵查等方面，都取得了良好的效益。 在這樣的背景下，本課題把ZigBee無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)應(yīng)用到農(nóng)作物生長環(huán)境監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中，設(shè)計了基于ZigBee無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的作物生長環(huán)境監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，本系統(tǒng)可以實時的監(jiān)測作物的生長環(huán)境，完成數(shù)據(jù)的采集、傳輸、分析及存儲，為用戶管理溫室提供方便可靠的數(shù)據(jù)，系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用對降低農(nóng)民的勞動強度，實現(xiàn)科學(xué)種植都具有重要意義。 該監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)主要包括：終端節(jié)點、路由器節(jié)點、協(xié)調(diào)器節(jié)點和上位機監(jiān)控軟件這幾部分。終端節(jié)點與傳感器相連，主要負責數(shù)據(jù)的采集工作；路由器節(jié)點是終端節(jié)點與協(xié)調(diào)器節(jié)點的中間紐帶，具有路由功能，也可完成終端節(jié)點的任務(wù)；協(xié)調(diào)器節(jié)點完成組建新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)的工作，與各節(jié)點和上位機進行網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信；上位機軟件部分接收監(jiān)測到的環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)并進行保存和分析，用戶通過上位機就可以實時的掌握作物的生長環(huán)境信息，并可以通過數(shù)據(jù)的分析結(jié)果和專家數(shù)據(jù)庫的幫助，自主的合理改變作物的生長環(huán)境，從而達到高產(chǎn)的目的。 本課題主要完成了以下工作：首先，詳細調(diào)查了農(nóng)業(yè)監(jiān)控技術(shù)的國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，對課題的研究意義進行了肯定；第二，深入研究了ZigBee無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)，為設(shè)計運用奠定基礎(chǔ)；第三，在明確系統(tǒng)目的的前提下，設(shè)計了系統(tǒng)的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，并根據(jù)功能的需要選擇了相應(yīng)的硬件設(shè)備，，如：傳感器、CC2530芯片及CC2591射頻芯片；然后，對系統(tǒng)的硬件平臺進行了搭建，給出了各模塊的電路圖并得出符合要求的電路板；隨后，運用TI公司的Z-stack技術(shù)搭建了完整的ZigBee網(wǎng)絡(luò)實現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的通信功能；最后，對系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫和用戶界面系統(tǒng)進行了編寫。
[Abstract]:Suitable environment plays an important role in promoting crop growth and high yield, so real-time monitoring of crop growth environment has always been an important task of agricultural development. At present, the research of agricultural monitoring technology both at home and abroad has been attached great importance, and some achievements have been achieved. However, the monitoring system of crop growth environment in China still has some shortcomings such as single monitoring project, high cost and low reliability. In recent years, wireless sensor networks with low cost, small size, low power consumption and various functions have emerged. It is mainly composed of multiple sensor nodes, which integrates a variety of technologies, such as integrated circuits, on-chip systems, wireless communications, and so on. ZigBee technology is a very representative wireless sensor network, has all the advantages of wireless sensor network, has been widely used in smart home, industrial monitoring and military investigation, and so on, and ZigBee technology has been widely used in intelligent home, industrial monitoring and military investigation, etc. ZigBee technology is a very representative wireless sensor network. All have achieved good results. Under this background, the ZigBee wireless sensor network technology is applied to the crop growth environment monitoring system, and the crop growth environment monitoring system based on ZigBee wireless sensor network is designed. The system can monitor the growing environment of crops in real time, complete the collection, transmission, analysis and storage of data, provide convenient and reliable data for users to manage greenhouse, and the application of the system can reduce the labor intensity of farmers. It is of great significance to realize scientific planting. The monitoring system includes terminal node, router node, coordinator node and PC monitoring software. The terminal node is connected with the sensor and is mainly responsible for the collection of data, and the router node is the intermediate link between the terminal node and the coordinator node, which has the function of routing, and can also complete the task of the terminal node. The coordinator node completes the work of building a new network, connects with each node and the upper computer, and realizes the network communication of the system. The upper computer software part receives the monitored environmental data and carries on the storage and the analysis, the user can grasp the crop growth environment information in real time through the upper computer, and can pass the data analysis result and the expert database help, Independent and reasonable change of crop growth environment, so as to achieve the purpose of high yield. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the status quo of agricultural monitoring technology at home and abroad is investigated in detail, and the significance of the research is affirmed. Secondly, the ZigBee wireless sensor network technology is deeply studied, which lays the foundation for the design and application. Thirdly, on the premise of defining the purpose of the system, the whole structure of the system is designed, and the corresponding hardware devices, such as sensor, CC2530 chip and CC2591 RF chip, are selected according to the needs of the function. Then, the hardware platform of the system is built, the circuit diagram of each module is given and the circuit board meeting the requirements is obtained. Then, the complete ZigBee network is built by using the Z-stack technology of TI company to realize the communication function of the system. Finally, the database and user interface system of the system are compiled.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP277;TN92;TP212.9

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本文編號：2433167