【摘要】：美國全球定位系統(tǒng)（Global Positioning System, GPS）的建成給世界的導航、定位與授時技術帶來了巨大變革，俄羅斯，歐洲，中國也相繼發(fā)展各自獨立的L頻段全球導航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)（Global Navigation Satellite System，GNSS）。與L頻段GNSS信號相比，C頻段信號具有抗電離層影響和抗多路徑性能好的優(yōu)點，能夠為對信號質(zhì)量要求高的航空、金融和電力等國家重要部門和行業(yè)提供更加安全的服務性能，而S頻段導航服務易與該頻段上其它移動和無線服務融合的優(yōu)勢同樣引起了各國對S頻段GNSS的開發(fā)和建設，，未來C、S頻段上多個導航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)信號共存同樣不容忽視，各頻段上射頻信號干擾不可避免，因此開展多頻段GNSS信號的兼容性技術研究對于L、C、S頻段導航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)建設與發(fā)展意義重大。本文以863主題項目課題“GNSS兼容互用技術及新型信號體制研究”和專項課題“GNSS L/S/C頻段兼容性分析研究”的研究內(nèi)容為基礎，對L、C、S頻段GNSS信號的兼容性進行全面理論分析和仿真驗證，并完善GNSS信號與帶外射頻信號的兼容性分析技術，深入研究GNSS信號信號調(diào)制和擴頻碼的設計技術，分析調(diào)制信號對兼容性的影響，并提出擴頻碼的設計新方法和擴頻碼兼容性分析概念。 本文研究內(nèi)容主要分為以下4個方面： （1）全面分析GNSS信號兼容評估的模型和方法，分別構建基于頻譜分離系數(shù)（Spectral Sepration Coefficient，SSC）和碼跟蹤譜靈敏度系數(shù)（Code TrackingSpctral Sensitivity Coefficient，CT_SSC）的兼容評估模型，確立有效載噪比衰減作為L、C、S頻段GNSS信號兼容評估的通用方法，仿真計算各頻段兼容性，并對結果進行評估。 （2）分析L、C、S頻段GNSS信號和相鄰射頻信號的干擾特征，確定干擾評估的模型和方法，并進行干擾評估，包括L頻段GNSS信號和射電天文（RadioAstronomy，RA）的干擾評估；C頻段GNSS信號和RA，以及微波著陸系統(tǒng)（Micowave Landing System，MLS）的干擾評估；S頻段GNSS信號和Globalstar系統(tǒng)，固定業(yè)務（Fixed Service，F(xiàn)S），以及全球微波互聯(lián)接入（WorldwideInteroperability for Microwave Access，WiMAX）的干擾評估。 （3）分析GNSS信號的波形調(diào)制，提出C頻段采用最小頻移鍵控及二進制編碼符號（Minimum Shift Keying-Binary Code Symbol，MSK-BCS）調(diào)制波形的兼容性優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)導航信號調(diào)制波形，而S頻段采用一般二進制偏移載波調(diào)制（Generalised Binary Offset Carrier，GBOC）調(diào)制波形時，兼容性能也有所改善。 （4）基于Weil序列生成與GPS L1C信號的擴頻碼奇偶自互相關性能相當?shù)?0230長度擴頻碼序列，提出一種新型擴頻碼生成方法，并通過優(yōu)化算法獲得100組優(yōu)良性能的長度為4092的擴頻碼；針對L頻段GNSS信號中心頻點重疊嚴重問題，以擴頻碼的相關特性為基礎提出GNSS信號擴頻碼兼容評估概念，給出評估參數(shù)，建立擴頻碼兼容分析的數(shù)學模型和接收機模型，并對GNSS信號的擴頻碼進行兼容評估。 本文研究的創(chuàng)新點主要體現(xiàn)在以下方面： （1）采用通用評估方法，對L、C、S頻段GNSS系統(tǒng)內(nèi)和系統(tǒng)間信號進行兼容評估；對L、C、S頻段GNSS信號與所有相鄰頻段射頻信號進行干擾評估。 （2）采用GNSS信號新型調(diào)制波形MSK-BCS和GBOC分析其在C頻段和S頻段的兼容性能表現(xiàn)，結果表明兼容性能有較大改善。 （3）提出一種新的擴頻碼生成方法，利用擴頻碼優(yōu)化快速算法，得到100組長度為4092的擴頻碼，其自相關性能明顯優(yōu)于同長度的Galileo E1OS信號擴頻碼，互相關性能與之相當；提出擴頻碼兼容評估概念，使得兼容評估結果更加全面完善。
[Abstract]:The establishment of the Global Positioning System (GPS) has brought great changes to the navigation, positioning and time-service technology of the world. Russia, Europe and China have also successively developed their own independent L-band Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Compared with the L-band GNSS signal, the C-band signal has the advantages of anti-ionosphere effect and good anti-multipath performance, can provide more secure service performance to important sectors and industries such as aviation, financial and electric power with high signal quality, and the advantages of the S-band navigation service and other mobile and wireless service integration on the frequency band also cause the development and the construction of the S-band GNSS in the countries, and the coexistence of a plurality of navigation satellite system signals in the future C and S frequency band can not be ignored, and the interference of the radio-frequency signals on the frequency bands is inevitable, Therefore, the research on the compatibility of multi-band GNSS signals is of great significance to the construction and development of L, C and S-band navigation satellite systems. On the basis of the research contents of the "Research on GNSS-compatible Interoperability and New Signal System" and the special subject "Study on the Compatibility of the GNSS L/ S/ C-band" of the 863 subject project, the compatibility of the L, C and S frequency band GNSS signals is analyzed and verified in a comprehensive way, and the compatibility analysis technology of the GNSS signal and the out-of-band radio frequency signal is improved. In this paper, the design technique of GNSS signal modulation and spreading code is deeply studied, the influence of the modulated signal on the compatibility is analyzed, and the new design method of spreading code and the concept of the compatibility of spread spectrum code are put forward. The content of this paper is mainly divided into the following four parties: (1) The model and method of GNSS signal compatibility evaluation are analyzed comprehensively, and the compatibility evaluation based on the spectral separation coefficient (SSC) and the code tracking spectrum sensitivity coefficient (CT _ SSC) is respectively constructed. The method for estimating the compatibility of the GNSS signals of the L, C and S frequency bands is established by using the estimation model, and the compatibility of each frequency band is calculated by the simulation, and the result is Line assessment. (2) Analysis of interference characteristics of L, C, S-band GNSS signals and adjacent radio-frequency signals, model and method for determining interference assessment, and interference assessment, including interference assessment of L-band GNSS signals and radio astronomy (RA); C-band GNSS Signal and RA, and the interference assessment of the Microwave Landing System (MLS); S-band GNSS signals and Globalstar systems, Fixed Service (FS), and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) (3) The waveform modulation of the GNSS signal is analyzed, and the compatibility of the modulation waveform with the minimum frequency shift keying and the binary code symbol (MSK-BCS) in the C-band is better than that of the conventional navigation signal, and the general binary offset carrier modulation is adopted in the S-band. Carrier, GBOC) modulated waveform, compatible and (4) generating a 10230-length spreading code sequence corresponding to the spreading code parity and the odd-even self-correlation performance of the GPS L1C signal based on the Weil sequence, proposing a novel spreading code generation method, and obtaining the length of 100 sets of excellent performance by an optimization algorithm, A spread-spectrum code of 4092 is proposed. In order to solve the serious problem of the central frequency point of the GNSS signal in the L-band, the concept of the compatibility evaluation of the spread-spectrum code of the GNSS signal is put forward based on the correlation characteristic of the spread-spectrum code, the evaluation parameters are given, the mathematical model and the receiver model for the compatibility analysis of the spread-spectrum code are set up, and the GNSS signal is A compatible evaluation of spreading codes. The new point is mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) The general evaluation method is adopted to carry out the compatibility evaluation on the signals between the L, C and S frequency band GNSS systems and the system; and the GNSS signals of the L, C and S frequency band and all the phases (2) The compatibility between the C-band and the S-band is analyzed by using the new modulation waveform MSK-BCS and GBOC of the GNSS signal. The results show that the compatibility can be improved greatly. (3) A new method of spreading code is proposed, and the spreading code is optimized by using the spreading code to obtain the spreading code with the length of 4092. The self-correlation performance is better than that of the same length of the Galileo E1OS signal spreading code and the cross correlation. to be comparable to it; to propose a spread-spectrum-code-compatible evaluation
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN96.1

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