【摘要】：空間譜估計作為信號處理技術(shù)研究的主要內(nèi)容，其目的就是要獲知信號發(fā)射源的準確位置，也就是信源定位�！翱臻g譜”表示信號在空間各個方向上的能量分布，空間譜估計具有很強的空間分辨能力，其主要研究方向在于空間中的多個傳感器陣列所構(gòu)成的處理系統(tǒng)，就是利用一組傳感器，這組傳感器在空間按一定的規(guī)則分布，同時接收外界信源所發(fā)出的信號，從而提取出所需要的信號參數(shù)，其中最主要的估計參數(shù)是：空域參數(shù)、信源的俯仰角和方向角。 在一個立體空間內(nèi)建立一個球坐標系，只需要知道信號源相對于坐標系原點的方向角、俯仰角和距離這三個參數(shù)，就完全可以確定一個信源的準確位置。一維空間譜估計就是在一個平面內(nèi)對信源的一個參數(shù)進行估計，但是在現(xiàn)實環(huán)境中，信源處在三維立體環(huán)境中，用一維參數(shù)不能估計信源的精確位置，因此需要用二維波達角來進行估計，所以相對于一維波達角估計二維波達角就更精確。 二維DOA在軍事和民用等領(lǐng)域起著重要的作用，在對一維DOA估計算法和陣列研究的基礎(chǔ)上，對遠場窄帶二維DOA估計作了深入研究，分別提出了陣列變換和減小計算量的方法。對平行六邊形陣列進行陣列變換，平行六邊形陣列的子陣列不滿足旋轉(zhuǎn)不變性，變換為滿足旋轉(zhuǎn)不變性這一條件的陣列。然后再用平滑算法進行空間譜估計，變換后的陣列比矩形陣列在相同的信噪比下具有很小的均方根誤差。針對MUSIC算法計算量大的問題，提出了一種快速空間譜估計改進算法。該算法就是將角度域波達角轉(zhuǎn)換到變換域，，從而有效地解決了計算量大的問題，改進算法比傳統(tǒng)MUSIC算法的計算量大大減少，估計成功的概率也略高于傳統(tǒng)MUSIC算法。
[Abstract]:As the main research content of signal processing technology, spatial spectrum estimation aims to obtain the exact location of the signal source, that is, the location of the signal source. The "spatial spectrum" represents the energy distribution of the signal in all directions in space. The spatial spectrum estimation has a strong spatial resolution ability. The main research direction of the spatial spectrum estimation is the processing system composed of multiple sensor arrays in space. It is the use of a set of sensors, which are distributed according to certain rules in space and receive signals from outside sources, thus extracting the required signal parameters, the most important of which are: spatial parameters, The pitch angle and direction angle of the source. To establish a spherical coordinate system in a solid space, we only need to know the direction angle, pitch angle and distance of the signal source relative to the origin of the coordinate system, and the exact position of a signal source can be completely determined. One-dimensional spatial spectral estimation is to estimate a parameter of a source in a plane, but in a real environment, the source is in a three-dimensional environment, and one-dimensional parameters cannot be used to estimate the exact location of the source. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the two-dimensional wave angle, so it is more accurate to estimate the two-dimensional wave-arrival angle than the one-dimensional wave angle. Two-dimensional DOA plays an important role in military and civilian fields. Based on the research of one-dimensional DOA estimation algorithm and array, the far-field narrow-band two-dimensional DOA estimation is deeply studied, and the methods of array transformation and reduction of computation are proposed respectively. The array transformation of parallel hexagonal array is carried out. The sub-array of parallel hexagonal array does not satisfy the rotation invariance and is transformed into an array which satisfies the condition of rotation invariance. Then using smoothing algorithm to estimate the spatial spectrum, the transformed array has a small root mean square error (RMS) compared with the rectangular array at the same signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In order to solve the problem of large computational complexity of MUSIC algorithm, an improved fast spatial spectrum estimation algorithm is proposed. The algorithm transforms the angle-domain radar angle into the transform domain, which effectively solves the problem of large computational complexity. Compared with the traditional MUSIC algorithm, the improved algorithm reduces the computational complexity greatly, and the probability of successful estimation is slightly higher than that of the traditional MUSIC algorithm.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN911.7

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