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空閑認(rèn)知用戶在認(rèn)知無線電頻譜檢測中的應(yīng)用

發(fā)布時間:2019-02-15 09:25
【摘要】:隨著通信技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展,,頻譜逐漸成為一種稀缺的資源。頻譜利用率低的問題嚴(yán)重制約著無線通信的應(yīng)用。認(rèn)知無線電技術(shù)通過動態(tài)地利用空閑頻譜資源進(jìn)行傳輸,大幅提升頻譜利用率,是未來無線通信系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。檢測技術(shù)作為獲取空閑頻譜信息的手段,在認(rèn)知無線電技術(shù)中起著重要的作用。在某一時刻,空閑頻譜資源是由主要用戶處于空閑狀態(tài)形成的,與之相似,將處于空閑狀態(tài)的認(rèn)知用戶用于檢測可以提升檢測的性能和效果。本文在考慮將空閑認(rèn)知用戶用于檢測的情況下,重點從協(xié)作檢測、聯(lián)合檢測以及對空閑認(rèn)知用戶的分配機制等方面研究了認(rèn)知無線電網(wǎng)絡(luò)檢測優(yōu)化問題。具體研究成果如下: 1.在overlay傳輸模式下提出了一種利用空閑認(rèn)知用戶的檢測模型,通過分析得出認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)的檢測性能。由于利用空閑認(rèn)知用戶需要額外的消耗,同時考慮認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)的吞吐量和使用效率,提出空閑認(rèn)知用戶在協(xié)作檢測中的額外檢測時長的優(yōu)化問題。在公平性原則的要求下,允許空閑認(rèn)知用戶選擇是否進(jìn)行協(xié)作,提出了一種兼顧吞吐量和效率的優(yōu)化算法。理論與仿真證明了加入空閑認(rèn)知用戶進(jìn)行協(xié)作檢測可以提升檢測的性能。 2.針對主要用戶網(wǎng)絡(luò)存在網(wǎng)間干擾時,underlay傳輸模型下認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量較低的問題,提出了一種利用導(dǎo)頻檢測在underlay傳輸模式下切換發(fā)射功率以提升認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量的檢測時長優(yōu)化算法。首先考慮主要用戶接收信干噪比滿足的溢出概率,將對認(rèn)知用戶發(fā)射功率的優(yōu)化問題轉(zhuǎn)化成一個”檢測-傳輸”的權(quán)衡問題。然后對權(quán)衡問題進(jìn)行分析,得出使得吞吐量最大的檢測時長優(yōu)化算法。仿真結(jié)果表明,采用最優(yōu)檢測時長算法可以獲得最大的認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量。 3.由于認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)中主要用戶狀態(tài)的不確定性,隨機檢測策略雖然易于實現(xiàn),但無法保證認(rèn)知用戶準(zhǔn)確地尋找到可用信道。本文提出一種利用認(rèn)知無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)中空閑認(rèn)知用戶進(jìn)行聯(lián)合隨機檢測的策略。首先加入空閑認(rèn)知用戶進(jìn)行檢測,然后利用馬爾科夫模型對認(rèn)知基站獲得的可用信道數(shù)進(jìn)行描述,推導(dǎo)出此時認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)的檢測性能。理論分析和仿真結(jié)果表明,利用空閑認(rèn)知用戶可以減小服務(wù)時延,并且提高認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)的吞吐量。在考慮認(rèn)知用戶匯報檢測信息所占用的時長后,通過優(yōu)化算法,可以得出最優(yōu)的參與聯(lián)合檢測的空閑認(rèn)知用戶數(shù)。 4.在認(rèn)知無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,針對分配式聯(lián)合檢測中的最優(yōu)檢測順序問題,本文提出了一種利用空閑認(rèn)知用戶的檢測策略以最大化認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)的吞吐量。首先使用連續(xù)時間馬爾科夫模型對主要用戶的活動狀況進(jìn)行建模,然后考慮檢測性能對認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量的影響,得出此時認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量的表達(dá)式。并以此為目標(biāo)函數(shù),提出最大化認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量的檢測順序優(yōu)化算法。由于上下行鏈路的差異性,在下行鏈路提出一種最優(yōu)的檢測策略;在上行鏈路提出一種次優(yōu)的但是復(fù)雜度較低的檢測策略。仿真證明了提出的檢測順序優(yōu)化算法與隨機檢測相比擁有更好的吞吐量,并能獲得更高的頻譜利用率,同時降低了認(rèn)知用戶的等待時延。在考慮空閑認(rèn)知用戶的匯報時長后,得出最大化認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量的參與檢測的空閑認(rèn)知用戶數(shù)。 5.每一個活躍認(rèn)知用戶都希望盡可能多的獲得信道狀態(tài)信息。為了解決認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)中空閑認(rèn)知用戶的所屬權(quán)問題,本文提出一種利用拍賣算法對空閑認(rèn)知用戶進(jìn)行分配的方案。研究了在第二價格的拍賣場景下,認(rèn)知用戶在傳輸量拍賣和滿意度拍賣兩種模式下所能獲得的收益。同時提出了一種存在預(yù)留價格、預(yù)算受限以及公平性限制等條件下的拍賣算法。仿真結(jié)果表明,同其他算法相比,基于拍賣的空閑認(rèn)知用戶分配算法可以使認(rèn)知網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲得較好的性能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of communication technology, the spectrum becomes a scarce resource. the problem of low frequency spectrum utilization seriously restricts the application of wireless communication. The cognitive radio technology is one of the key technologies in the future wireless communication system by dynamically utilizing the free spectrum resources for transmission, and greatly improving the frequency spectrum utilization rate. As a means of obtaining free spectrum information, detection technology plays an important role in cognitive radio technology. At a certain time, the idle spectrum resource is formed by the main user in the idle state, and the cognitive user in the idle state is used for detecting the performance and the effect that can improve the detection. In this paper, we have studied the optimization of cognitive radio network from the aspects of cooperative detection, joint detection and the allocation mechanism of free cognitive users, considering the use of idle cognitive users in the detection. The specific research results are as follows: 1. An idle cognitive user's detection model is proposed in the overlay transmission mode, and the detection performance of the cognitive network is obtained through the analysis. can solve the problem that an idle cognitive user needs extra consumption, and meanwhile, the throughput and the using efficiency of the cognitive network are taken into account, and the long optimization question of the idle cognitive user in the cooperation detection is proposed In the request of the principle of fairness, the free cognitive user is allowed to choose whether to cooperate, and an optimal calculation of the throughput and the efficiency is proposed. The theory and the simulation prove that the cooperative detection of the added idle cognitive user can improve the detection performance. can................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, considering the overflow probability that the main user receives the signal-to-noise ratio, and converting the optimization problem of the transmission power of the cognitive user into a 鈥漝etection-transmission鈥

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