壓縮感知框架下基于多模板解卷積的超寬帶信道估計(jì)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-10 19:51
【摘要】：脈沖超寬帶(Impulse Radio-Ultra Wide Bandwidth,IR-UWB)是一種新興的短距離無(wú)線通信技術(shù)。該技術(shù)憑借低功耗、抗干擾能力強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)已經(jīng)引起了廣泛的關(guān)注和深入研究。然而,IR-UWB技術(shù)在應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域也存在著難題,IR-UWB脈沖在時(shí)域上納秒級(jí)的持續(xù)時(shí)間決定了其頻域上占有極高的帶寬,這就對(duì)數(shù)字化接收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中ADC的采樣能力提出了很高的要求,如果嚴(yán)格按照Nyquist采樣定律來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)接收機(jī)的采樣部分將會(huì)帶來(lái)高額的成本。壓縮感知理論(Compressed Sensing,CS)是近年來(lái)應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn),該理論指出,在信號(hào)滿足稀疏特性的前提下,利用遠(yuǎn)小于Nyquist采樣定律的觀測(cè)數(shù)量也可以高概率地重構(gòu)原信號(hào)。超寬帶信號(hào)的天然稀疏特性可以滿足壓縮感知理論的前提要求,因此CS理論就為打破傳統(tǒng)思路的瓶頸設(shè)計(jì)IR-UWB數(shù)字化接收機(jī)提供了良好的契機(jī)。考慮到精確的信道估計(jì)是保障通信性能的重要環(huán)節(jié),本文重點(diǎn)針對(duì)CS框架下IR-UWB系統(tǒng)信道估計(jì)進(jìn)行研究。本文首先介紹CS的基本理論以及CS-UWB接收機(jī)的基本架構(gòu),然后基于CS-UWB信道估計(jì)方向已有的研究成果進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究。超寬帶接收機(jī)接收信號(hào)的一般形式為:g????n,其中?為本地模板矩陣、n為噪聲向量、?即為待估計(jì)的信道沖擊響應(yīng)。IR-UWB信道估計(jì)的精確度受到n和?兩方面的影響,本文針對(duì)這兩方面的影響分別進(jìn)行討論并提出了在已有研究基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改進(jìn)的對(duì)應(yīng)方法。傳統(tǒng)的正交匹配追蹤(Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,OMP)利用已知的接收信號(hào)g與本地模板?之間的迭代來(lái)得到信道估值,這種方法的抗噪聲能力較差。本文在傳統(tǒng)OMP算法迭代過(guò)程中加入噪聲向量n的影響,基于公式的推導(dǎo)和證明提出了Anti-Noise OMP重構(gòu)算法,并且通過(guò)仿真與原始OMP算法的信道估計(jì)性能作對(duì)比論證了推導(dǎo)的合理性。針對(duì)模板?改進(jìn)的問(wèn)題,本文首先對(duì)超寬帶收發(fā)實(shí)驗(yàn)的實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,介紹了該實(shí)驗(yàn)的環(huán)境和參數(shù),通過(guò)對(duì)不同點(diǎn)接收信號(hào)的分析來(lái)判斷它們所受到失真的影響,根據(jù)分析結(jié)果構(gòu)造包含波形失真信息的多模板字典MT?,并通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證了多模板較單模板的性能優(yōu)越性�；趯�(duì)超寬帶信道特性的分析,本文利用部分信道先驗(yàn)信息(Channel Prior Information,CPI)來(lái)得到一個(gè)加權(quán)函數(shù)并利用它進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)模板,得到了一定的性能提升。最后,本文將所提出對(duì)針對(duì)噪聲n和本地模板?的改進(jìn)方法結(jié)合在一起,形成了系統(tǒng)的CS-UWB信道估計(jì)方案,在不同迭代次數(shù)下較原始方法的重構(gòu)信噪比(Recovery Signal-to-Noise Ratio,RSNR)提升約為1d B。
[Abstract]:Pulse Ultra-wideband (Impulse Radio-Ultra Wide Bandwidth,IR-UWB) is a new short-range wireless communication technology. With the advantages of low power consumption and strong anti-interference ability, this technology has attracted extensive attention and deep research. However, there are still some difficulties in the application of IR-UWB technology. The duration of IR-UWB pulses in time domain determines the high bandwidth in frequency domain because of the duration of nanosecond pulse. This puts forward a very high requirement for the sampling ability of ADC in the design process of digital receiver. If the sampling part of the receiver is designed strictly according to the sampling law of Nyquist, it will bring high cost. Compression sensing theory (Compressed Sensing,CS) is a hot topic in the field of applied mathematics in recent years. The theory points out that the original signal can be reconstructed with a much smaller number of observations than the Nyquist sampling law if the signal satisfies the sparse characteristic. The natural sparse characteristic of UWB signals can meet the requirements of compression sensing theory, so CS theory provides a good opportunity to break the bottleneck of traditional thinking in designing IR-UWB digital receiver. Considering that accurate channel estimation is an important link to ensure communication performance, this paper focuses on channel estimation of IR-UWB systems under the framework of CS. In this paper, the basic theory of CS and the basic architecture of CS-UWB receiver are introduced, and then further research is carried out based on the existing research results of CS-UWB channel estimation direction. The general form of the UWB receiver receiving signal is: G / N, in which? Is the local template matrix, n is the noise vector,? That is, the channel impulse response to be estimated. The accuracy of IR-UWB channel estimation is affected by n and? In this paper, the influence of these two aspects is discussed and an improved corresponding method based on the existing research is put forward. Traditional orthogonal matching tracking (Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,OMP) uses known received signals g and local templates? This method has poor anti-noise capability. In this paper, the influence of noise vector n is added to the iterative process of the traditional OMP algorithm, and the Anti-Noise OMP reconstruction algorithm is proposed based on the derivation and proof of the formula. The rationality of the derivation is proved by comparing the channel estimation performance of the original OMP algorithm and simulation. For the template? This paper first analyzes the measured data of UWB transceiver experiment, introduces the environment and parameters of UWB transceiver experiment, and judges the effect of distortion on UWB transceiver by analyzing the received signals at different points. According to the analysis results, a multi-template dictionary MT?, with waveform distortion information is constructed, and the performance superiority of multi-template is verified by simulation. Based on the analysis of UWB channel characteristics, a weighting function is obtained by using partial channel priori information (Channel Prior Information,CPI) and the template is further improved, and the performance is improved to a certain extent. Finally, this paper proposes the proposed for noise n and local templates? Combined with the improved method, the CS-UWB channel estimation scheme of the system is formed, and the reconstruction signal-to-noise ratio (Recovery Signal-to-Noise Ratio,RSNR) of the system is improved to about 1dB under different iterations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN925
[Abstract]:Pulse Ultra-wideband (Impulse Radio-Ultra Wide Bandwidth,IR-UWB) is a new short-range wireless communication technology. With the advantages of low power consumption and strong anti-interference ability, this technology has attracted extensive attention and deep research. However, there are still some difficulties in the application of IR-UWB technology. The duration of IR-UWB pulses in time domain determines the high bandwidth in frequency domain because of the duration of nanosecond pulse. This puts forward a very high requirement for the sampling ability of ADC in the design process of digital receiver. If the sampling part of the receiver is designed strictly according to the sampling law of Nyquist, it will bring high cost. Compression sensing theory (Compressed Sensing,CS) is a hot topic in the field of applied mathematics in recent years. The theory points out that the original signal can be reconstructed with a much smaller number of observations than the Nyquist sampling law if the signal satisfies the sparse characteristic. The natural sparse characteristic of UWB signals can meet the requirements of compression sensing theory, so CS theory provides a good opportunity to break the bottleneck of traditional thinking in designing IR-UWB digital receiver. Considering that accurate channel estimation is an important link to ensure communication performance, this paper focuses on channel estimation of IR-UWB systems under the framework of CS. In this paper, the basic theory of CS and the basic architecture of CS-UWB receiver are introduced, and then further research is carried out based on the existing research results of CS-UWB channel estimation direction. The general form of the UWB receiver receiving signal is: G / N, in which? Is the local template matrix, n is the noise vector,? That is, the channel impulse response to be estimated. The accuracy of IR-UWB channel estimation is affected by n and? In this paper, the influence of these two aspects is discussed and an improved corresponding method based on the existing research is put forward. Traditional orthogonal matching tracking (Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,OMP) uses known received signals g and local templates? This method has poor anti-noise capability. In this paper, the influence of noise vector n is added to the iterative process of the traditional OMP algorithm, and the Anti-Noise OMP reconstruction algorithm is proposed based on the derivation and proof of the formula. The rationality of the derivation is proved by comparing the channel estimation performance of the original OMP algorithm and simulation. For the template? This paper first analyzes the measured data of UWB transceiver experiment, introduces the environment and parameters of UWB transceiver experiment, and judges the effect of distortion on UWB transceiver by analyzing the received signals at different points. According to the analysis results, a multi-template dictionary MT?, with waveform distortion information is constructed, and the performance superiority of multi-template is verified by simulation. Based on the analysis of UWB channel characteristics, a weighting function is obtained by using partial channel priori information (Channel Prior Information,CPI) and the template is further improved, and the performance is improved to a certain extent. Finally, this paper proposes the proposed for noise n and local templates? Combined with the improved method, the CS-UWB channel estimation scheme of the system is formed, and the reconstruction signal-to-noise ratio (Recovery Signal-to-Noise Ratio,RSNR) of the system is improved to about 1dB under different iterations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN925
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