【摘要】：高頻地波雷達作為現(xiàn)代新體制雷達，，其探測性能的評估一直是研究的熱點與難點。一方面，根據(jù)地波雷達自身的工作特點，接收機外部噪聲大于內(nèi)部噪聲，外部環(huán)境噪聲與干擾構(gòu)成主要的檢測背景。由于外部環(huán)境與干擾處于動態(tài)的變化過程中，從而給高頻地波雷達探測性能的評估帶來困難。另一方面，高頻地波雷達作為一個龐大的系統(tǒng)，對其探測性能進行評估涉及到諸多因素，如何合理的探討各項因素對探測性能的影響，是極其復(fù)雜的過程。因此，如何科學(xué)有效地對高頻地波雷達探測性能進行評估，已成為亟需解決的問題。 本文主要研究內(nèi)容是針對高頻地波雷達探測性能評估中的難點，在分析高頻地波雷達系統(tǒng)組成、歸納總結(jié)檢測環(huán)境特性以及研究高頻地波雷達方程的基礎(chǔ)上，從威力范圍預(yù)估以及性能評估方法兩方面，提出行之有效的探測性能評估方案，從而為高頻地波雷達設(shè)計和使用的各個階段提供科學(xué)而可信的決策依據(jù)。 高頻地波雷達威力范圍預(yù)估方面，首先分析了地波場強傳播特性，采用改進的GRWAVE程序?qū)ρ卮植诤Ｃ鎮(zhèn)鞑サ牡夭▓鰪娺M行數(shù)值計算。然后描述了背景噪聲中海雜波與環(huán)境噪聲兩種主要干擾的產(chǎn)生機理及特性，進而建立了海雜波模型以及環(huán)境噪聲模型。最后從功率的角度，將信噪比作為探測距離的衡量指標(biāo)，建立高頻地波雷達信雜波模型，并通過仿真試驗給出了不同環(huán)境條件下，高頻地波雷達的威力范圍預(yù)估結(jié)果，進一步采用合作艦船目標(biāo)的探測試驗驗證了預(yù)估結(jié)果的正確性。 高頻地波雷達探測性能評估方面，首先明確了指標(biāo)體系建立的準(zhǔn)則，然后采用層次分析法，對高頻地波雷達探測性能的影響因素進行了評估，指出層次分析評估法評估結(jié)果精度低的缺點，并結(jié)合現(xiàn)代優(yōu)化技術(shù)提出了基于遺傳算法的改進的層次分析評估法。仿真試驗表明，改進的層次分析評估法能有效地提高了評估結(jié)果的穩(wěn)健性和可信度。最后，總結(jié)歸納全文，從用戶需求的角度，給出了高頻地波雷達探測性能評估的總方案。
[Abstract]:As a new modern radar, the evaluation of the detection performance of HF ground wave radar has been a hot and difficult point. On the one hand, according to the working characteristics of the ground wave radar, the external noise of the receiver is greater than that of the internal noise, and the external environment noise and interference constitute the main detection background. Due to the dynamic change of external environment and jamming, it is difficult to evaluate the detection performance of HF ground wave radar. On the other hand, as a huge system, the evaluation of the detection performance of HF ground wave radar involves many factors. How to reasonably discuss the influence of various factors on the detection performance is an extremely complex process. Therefore, how to evaluate the detection performance of HF ground wave radar scientifically and effectively has become an urgent problem. The main research content of this paper is to analyze the composition of HF ground wave radar system, summarize the detection environment characteristics and study the equation of HF ground wave radar, aiming at the difficulties in the performance evaluation of HF ground wave radar. From two aspects of power range estimation and performance evaluation method, an effective detection performance evaluation scheme is proposed, which provides a scientific and reliable decision basis for the design and use of HF ground wave radar. In the aspect of predicting the power range of HF ground wave radar, the propagation characteristics of ground wave field intensity are analyzed at first, and the numerical calculation of ground wave field intensity along rough sea surface is carried out by using an improved GRWAVE program. Then, the mechanism and characteristics of background noise, sea clutter and environmental noise are described, and the sea clutter model and environment noise model are established. Finally, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is taken as the measurement index of detection range from the power point of view, and the signal clutter model of HF ground wave radar is established, and the prediction results of power range of HF ground wave radar under different environment are given through simulation experiments. The accuracy of the prediction results is verified by further experiments on the target detection of cooperative ships. In the aspect of detecting performance evaluation of HF ground wave radar, the criterion of establishing index system is defined firstly, and then the factors influencing the detection performance of HF ground wave radar are evaluated by AHP. This paper points out the disadvantage of low accuracy of AHP evaluation method, and puts forward an improved AHP method based on genetic algorithm combined with modern optimization technology. Simulation results show that the improved AHP method can effectively improve the robustness and reliability of the evaluation results. Finally, the paper summarizes and summarizes the whole paper, and gives a general scheme for evaluating the detection performance of HF ground wave radar from the point of view of user requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN958.93

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