【摘要】：空天網(wǎng)絡是由運行在不同軌道上的,各種類型的衛(wèi)星、臨近空間飛行器以及空中和地面用戶有機組成的一體化信息系統(tǒng)。由于空天網(wǎng)絡覆蓋范圍廣闊,相距過遠的用戶之間不能直接通信,需要多跳中繼傳輸數(shù)據(jù),路由技術成為保障數(shù)據(jù)可靠、高效地傳輸?shù)年P鍵之一�？仗炀W(wǎng)絡具有拓撲結(jié)構動態(tài)變化、鏈路延時大、鏈路誤碼率高等特點,并且空間鏈路狀態(tài)也受節(jié)點運動、業(yè)務傳輸和空間環(huán)境突發(fā)干擾等影響而動態(tài)變化。由于網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境動態(tài)變化,故在選擇路由時需動態(tài)地根據(jù)網(wǎng)絡狀態(tài)來計算傳輸路徑,并且在數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸過程中,及時根據(jù)網(wǎng)絡狀態(tài)調(diào)整傳輸路徑。目前還沒有形成較為成熟完善的空天網(wǎng)絡路由技術體系,現(xiàn)有的衛(wèi)星網(wǎng)絡及臨近空間平臺路由技術也不能完全適用于高動態(tài)的空天網(wǎng)絡。為保障數(shù)據(jù)的可靠高效傳輸和多樣化的業(yè)務需求,本文針對空天網(wǎng)絡的特點和應用需求,著重研究拓撲結(jié)構、鏈路狀態(tài)和傳輸業(yè)務高動態(tài)變化的空天網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境下的動態(tài)路由技術,基于對網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境的動態(tài)感知,進行傳輸路徑的優(yōu)化。首先,為保障不同業(yè)務需求并提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸效率,本文針對不同類型業(yè)務構建空天網(wǎng)絡數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)穆酚蓛?yōu)化模型,確定不同類型業(yè)務的路由優(yōu)化目標、準則以及影響傳輸路徑優(yōu)化的鏈路狀態(tài)參數(shù)�？紤]到空天網(wǎng)絡鏈路延時長和誤碼率高的特點,本文對數(shù)據(jù)包的重傳延時進行分析并引入到路由優(yōu)化模型中,更加準確地反映數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)难訒r代價�；诼酚蓛�(yōu)化模型,為優(yōu)化不同業(yè)務的傳輸路徑,本文針對空天網(wǎng)絡中動態(tài)變化的鏈路延時(包括傳播延時、重傳延時、排隊延時等)、丟包率、可用帶寬這三個鏈路狀態(tài)參數(shù)及其時變特性進行研究,建立網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境的表征模型,重點針對排隊延時進行研究,建立基于業(yè)務優(yōu)先級的排隊模型,對不同優(yōu)先級的業(yè)務的排隊時間分別進行計算,實現(xiàn)了對實時業(yè)務的保障,避免了選擇優(yōu)化路徑時繞路的情況。在建立路由優(yōu)化模型和網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境表征模型的基礎上,提出基于環(huán)境感知的空天網(wǎng)絡動態(tài)路由協(xié)議。設計了網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境感知機制,并針對業(yè)務的特點設計了帶寬限制延時最短路由算法和最小跳數(shù)最大可用帶寬路由算法,以及數(shù)據(jù)的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)方式。既保障了業(yè)務在延時、帶寬方面的需求,提高了網(wǎng)絡的整體的吞吐量,也在一定程度上從整體實現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡的負載均衡。
[Abstract]:Space-space network is an integrated information system composed of various types of satellites, adjacent space vehicles and air and ground users. Due to the wide coverage of space-space network and the inability to communicate directly between users who are far away, multi-hop relay is needed to transmit data. Routing technology has become one of the keys to ensure reliable and efficient data transmission. Space-space network has the characteristics of dynamic topology, long link delay, high link error rate and so on. The spatial link state is also affected by node movement, traffic transmission and space environment burst interference. Because of the dynamic change of the network environment, it is necessary to calculate the transmission path dynamically according to the network state when choosing the route, and to adjust the transmission path according to the network state in time in the process of data transmission. At present, there is no mature space-sky network routing technology system, and the existing satellite network and adjacent space platform routing technology can not be fully applied to high-dynamic space-sky networks. In order to ensure the reliable and efficient transmission of data and the diversified business requirements, this paper focuses on the topological structure of the space-space network in view of its characteristics and application requirements. The dynamic routing technology based on the dynamic perception of the network environment is based on the dynamic perception of the network environment and optimizes the transmission path in the space-sky network environment with high dynamic change of link state and transmission services. First of all, in order to ensure different traffic requirements and improve the efficiency of data transmission, this paper constructs a routing optimization model for different types of services to determine the routing optimization objectives of different types of services. Criteria and link state parameters that affect transmission path optimization. Considering the characteristics of long link delay and high bit error rate in space-space network, this paper analyzes the retransmission delay of data packet and introduces it into the routing optimization model to reflect the delay cost of data transmission more accurately. Based on the routing optimization model, in order to optimize the transmission path of different traffic, this paper aims at the dynamic link delay (including propagation delay, retransmission delay, queue delay, etc.), packet loss rate, etc. The three link state parameters of available bandwidth and their time-varying characteristics are studied, and the representation model of network environment is established, especially the queuing delay, and the queuing model based on service priority is established. The queuing time of different priority services is calculated separately to guarantee the real-time traffic and avoid the situation of detour when choosing the optimized path. Based on the establishment of routing optimization model and network environment representation model, a dynamic routing protocol based on environment awareness for space-sky networks is proposed. The network environment awareness mechanism is designed, and bandwidth constrained delay shortest routing algorithm, minimum hops maximum available bandwidth routing algorithm and data forwarding method are designed according to the characteristics of traffic. It not only guarantees the demand of service in delay and bandwidth, but also improves the overall throughput of the network, and realizes the load balance of the network to a certain extent.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN927

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本文編號：2404273