【摘要】：衛(wèi)星通信技術(shù)作為當(dāng)今世上最先進的通信技術(shù)之一，衛(wèi)星通信技術(shù)覆蓋面積大、通信距離遠的優(yōu)點使其在各個領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用。隨著人們對更高通信傳輸速率的需求，衛(wèi)星通信信道容量的需求也越來越高，MIMO技術(shù)因其能夠提供分集增益和復(fù)用增益而在地面移動通信系統(tǒng)中成功的被廣泛應(yīng)用，使得越來越多的學(xué)者致力于探索將MIMO技術(shù)應(yīng)用于衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng)來滿足人們的需求。對于星地鏈路一般情況下都有很強的直射特性并有一定的自由空間損耗，但是應(yīng)用于地面移動通信系統(tǒng)的MIMO技術(shù)需要有豐富的反射、散射分量來保證MIMO子信道的不相關(guān)特性，因此對于衛(wèi)星移動MIMO通信系統(tǒng)是否具有實用價值還處于理論研究階段。由于在衛(wèi)星上空間有限，在一顆衛(wèi)星上安置普通的多根天線會導(dǎo)致信道相關(guān)性強而影響MIMO信道特性，所以在衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng)中實現(xiàn)MIMO技術(shù)有兩種方式：一種是單顆衛(wèi)星極化MIMO系統(tǒng)，另一種是多顆衛(wèi)星分布式MIMO系統(tǒng)，而多星系統(tǒng)由于時延因素不同步的問題比較嚴重，目前在單顆衛(wèi)星上實現(xiàn)極化MIMO系統(tǒng)是最為可行的方案。 本文首先分析了課題背景，并著重分析在衛(wèi)星移動通信中利用MIMO技術(shù)和衛(wèi)星移動MIMO系統(tǒng)中信道建模的重要性，分別分析了當(dāng)前窄帶和寬帶衛(wèi)星移動MIMO信道建模、衛(wèi)星移動MIMO信道模擬器的國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀。然后分析了典型的衛(wèi)星移動MIMO通信系統(tǒng)和衛(wèi)星移動MIMO信道的統(tǒng)計特性和信道容量的理論。接下來利用SystemVue和Matlab仿真軟件搭建了三種不同衛(wèi)星環(huán)境下的窄帶的衛(wèi)星移動極化MIMO統(tǒng)計信道模型，建模過程包括衛(wèi)星信道Loo模型、MIMO信道模型以及兩狀態(tài)馬爾科夫信道狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移模型，并利用仿真分析了各個子信道的時間序列、統(tǒng)計量以及對信道容量進行了計算以驗證模型的正確性。之后深入分析了寬帶衛(wèi)星移動MIMO信道頻率選擇性衰落的原因，分別基于相位變化的多點散射和基于幅度變化的抽頭延遲線建立了三種衛(wèi)星環(huán)境下的寬帶衛(wèi)星移動極化MIMO信道模型，通過仿真結(jié)果驗證模型信道特性的準確性并深入分析兩種建模方法的可行性。最后利用N5106A PXB信道模擬器等硬件儀器設(shè)備，以抽頭延遲線模型作為理論模型進行城市衛(wèi)星環(huán)境下的寬帶衛(wèi)星移動極化MISO信道和寬帶衛(wèi)星移動極化MIMO信道的模擬實現(xiàn)，利用89601矢量信號設(shè)備分析了該環(huán)境下衛(wèi)星與地面移動終端鏈路實時信道衰落對信號傳輸?shù)挠绊憽?br/>[Abstract]:As one of the most advanced communication technologies in the world, satellite communication technology plays an important role in various fields because of its large coverage area and long communication distance. With the demand of higher transmission rate, the capacity of satellite communication channel is becoming more and more high. MIMO technology has been widely used in terrestrial mobile communication systems because of its ability to provide diversity gain and multiplexing gain. As a result, more and more scholars devote themselves to exploring the application of MIMO technology to satellite communication systems to meet the needs of people. Generally speaking, there is strong directness and free space loss for satellite-ground links, but the MIMO technology used in terrestrial mobile communication systems needs abundant reflection and scattering components to ensure the independent characteristics of MIMO subchannels. Therefore, whether the satellite mobile MIMO communication system has practical value is still in the theoretical research stage. Due to the limited space on a satellite, the placement of ordinary multiple antennas on a satellite will lead to strong channel correlation and affect the MIMO channel characteristics. So there are two ways to implement MIMO technology in satellite communication system: one is single satellite polarized MIMO system, the other is multi-satellite distributed MIMO system. At present, it is the most feasible scheme to realize polarimetric MIMO system on a single satellite. Firstly, this paper analyzes the background of the project, and analyzes the importance of using MIMO technology in satellite mobile communication and channel modeling in satellite mobile MIMO system, and analyzes the current channel modeling of narrowband and wideband satellite mobile MIMO, respectively. Research status of Satellite Mobile MIMO Channel Simulator at Home and abroad. Then the statistical characteristics and the theory of channel capacity of typical satellite mobile MIMO communication system and satellite mobile MIMO channel are analyzed. Then, using SystemVue and Matlab simulation software, three narrowband satellite mobile polarization MIMO statistical channel models under different satellite environments are built. The modeling process includes the satellite channel Loo model. MIMO channel model and two-state Markov channel state transition model are used to verify the correctness of the model. The time series, statistics and channel capacity of each sub-channel are analyzed by simulation. After that, the reasons of frequency selective fading of wideband satellite mobile MIMO channel are analyzed. The multi-point scattering based on phase change and the tap delay line based on amplitude change are used to establish the mobile polarization MIMO channel model of broadband satellite in three satellite environments. The simulation results verify the accuracy of the channel characteristics of the model and analyze the feasibility of the two modeling methods. Finally, by using the N5106A PXB channel simulator and other hardware instruments, the taps delay line model is used as the theoretical model to simulate the broadband satellite mobile polarized MISO channel and the broadband satellite mobile polarized MIMO channel under the urban satellite environment. The influence of real-time channel fading of satellite and ground mobile terminal link on signal transmission in this environment is analyzed by using 89601 vector signal equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN927.2

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