【摘要】：激光雷達是以激光為輻射源并作為載頻,具有波長短,光束質(zhì)量高,定向性強的優(yōu)點,其頻率比微波雷達高三到五個數(shù)量級。由于激光具有良好的方向性、單色性和相干性,故激光雷達相較與微波雷達具有極高的角分辨能力、距離和速度分辨率,而且激光雷達的抗干擾能力強、體積小、質(zhì)量輕,作為成像雷達它可以獲得多目標的多種圖像。此外,激光雷達具有分辨率高,抗干擾能力強,可三維成像等特點激光雷達具有分辨率高,抗干擾能力強,可三維成像等特點,在民用及軍事技術(shù)裝備中已經(jīng)得到了廣泛的應用,并且它對工業(yè)高新技術(shù)、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)、社會發(fā)展也會產(chǎn)生重要且深遠的影響。 本論文就激光雷達的電子羅盤、激光測距儀、觀測望遠鏡和轉(zhuǎn)臺等重要組件進行了選擇和簡介。應用MATLAB對不同激光波長、天頂角、初始光束直徑和光學系統(tǒng)口徑的大小對由于大氣中受到大氣衰減和大氣湍流效應的影響而造成的光束擴展、光束便宜和光強閃爍進行數(shù)學建模,并進行理論分析得出補償?shù)姆绞健Ｑ芯苛俗赃m應光學系統(tǒng)的組成部分,以及波前傳感器的種類和波前曲率算法,波前控制器的主要原理,波前校正器的組成和校正方式。論文最后主要對激光雷達的望遠鏡的接收系統(tǒng)進行研究,本著滿足系統(tǒng)要求的前提下,結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、成本低的原則,設(shè)計出卡塞格林是反射望遠鏡光學接收系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:Lidar is a kind of radar with laser as emitter and carrier frequency, which has the advantages of short wavelength, high beam quality and strong directivity. Its frequency is three to five orders of magnitude higher than that of microwave radar. Because of the good directivity, monochromatic and coherence of the laser, the lidar has higher angular resolution, range and velocity resolution than the microwave radar, and the lidar has strong anti-jamming ability, small volume and light mass. As an imaging radar, it can obtain multiple images of multiple targets. In addition, the lidar has the characteristics of high resolution, strong anti-jamming ability, 3D imaging and so on. The lidar has the characteristics of high resolution, strong anti-jamming ability, three-dimensional imaging and so on. It has been widely used in civil and military technical equipment, and it will have an important and far-reaching impact on industrial high technology, modern agriculture and social development. In this paper, the electronic compass, laser rangefinder, observation telescope and turntable of lidar are selected and introduced. Applying MATLAB to different laser wavelengths, zenith angles, initial beam diameters and the aperture of optical systems, the beam propagation caused by atmospheric attenuation and atmospheric turbulence effect is affected. The mathematical model of light beam cheap and intensity scintillation is established, and the compensation method is obtained by theoretical analysis. The components of adaptive optical system, the types of wavefront sensors, the algorithm of wavefront curvature, the principle of wavefront controller, the composition of wavefront corrector and the correction method are studied. In the end of this paper, the receiving system of lidar telescope is mainly studied. Based on the principle of simple structure and low cost, Casegren is designed as an optical receiving system of reflecting telescope under the premise of satisfying the requirements of the system.
【學位授予單位】：長春理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN958.98

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