【摘要】：近年來,越來越多的國家陸續(xù)裝備了隱身武器,故加強隱身和反隱身技術(shù)研究勢在必行。經(jīng)研究表明,米波段雷達具有良好的反隱身效果,但米波段雷達具有帶寬窄、波束寬、角度分辨率低、定位精度低等缺點,這使得其精度難以達到制導(dǎo)雷達的要求,增加天線孔徑可以提高雷達的測角精度,但如果單純通過增大天線孔徑來獲取高測角精度和定位準(zhǔn)確性又會減弱雷達的機動性,這不符合現(xiàn)代雷達對探測精度和機動性的雙重要求;分布式雷達在這種情況下應(yīng)運而生,分布式雷達具有若干小孔徑分布式子陣,每個子陣可根據(jù)需要放置在不同的地方,且每個子陣既可以單獨探測目標(biāo),也可以通過相參合成以達到大孔徑雷達的探測效果,如此便兼顧了探測精度和機動性兩方面的需求。本文主要研究某分布式雷達試驗系統(tǒng)的定時控制與通道校正邏輯的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)。首先介紹分布式雷達的研究背景和研究現(xiàn)狀;然后簡單介紹了分布式相參合成雷達的基本概念以及定時控制轉(zhuǎn)接板的硬件結(jié)構(gòu),本系統(tǒng)的定時控制轉(zhuǎn)接板以FPGA作為主控芯片,利用光纖和網(wǎng)口分別與DAM、信號處理板、數(shù)據(jù)采集器以及上位機通信,以此將系統(tǒng)各模塊相互連通起來;接著詳細介紹各工作模式下定時控制邏輯與時序的設(shè)計,并給出調(diào)試及仿真結(jié)果。本試驗系統(tǒng)共包含七種工作模式,分別為模目模式、接收校正模式、發(fā)射校正模式、等T搜索模式、變T搜索模式、步進頻模式、相位編碼模式,實現(xiàn)了不同工作模式邏輯控制的靈活切換;最后詳細介紹數(shù)字陣列天線收發(fā)通道的相位誤差校正,數(shù)字陣列雷達各收發(fā)通道通常存在相位不一致性,此不一致性對雷達的各項性能指標(biāo)造成嚴(yán)重影響。本文采用一組校正網(wǎng)絡(luò)將兩個分布式子陣連起來做聯(lián)合校正,以消除通道的相位不一致性。實際調(diào)試結(jié)果表明,本文設(shè)計的定時控制邏輯設(shè)計簡單、有效,可以很好的實現(xiàn)分布式雷達的定時控制,并且本文所介紹的收發(fā)通道相位校正方法也可以有效的克服收發(fā)通道的相位不一致性問題,對于分布式雷達的設(shè)計研究具有重要的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more countries have equipped stealth weapons, so it is imperative to strengthen the research of stealth and anti-stealth technology. The research shows that the meter band radar has good anti-stealth effect, but the meter wave band radar has the disadvantages of narrow band width, wide beam width, low angle resolution and low positioning accuracy, which makes its precision difficult to meet the requirements of the guidance radar. Increasing the aperture of the antenna can improve the precision of the radar angle measurement, but if we simply increase the aperture of the antenna to obtain the high precision of angle measurement and the accuracy of positioning, it will weaken the maneuverability of the radar. This does not meet the dual requirements of detection accuracy and maneuverability of modern radar. Distributed radar emerges as the times require. Distributed radar has several small aperture distributed subarrays, each of which can be placed in different places according to the need, and each sub-array can detect targets separately. It is also possible to achieve the detection effect of large aperture radar through coherent synthesis, which takes into account the requirements of both detection accuracy and maneuverability. This paper focuses on the design and implementation of timing control and channel correction logic for a distributed radar test system. Firstly, the research background and present situation of distributed radar are introduced. Then the basic concept of distributed coherent synthetic radar and the hardware structure of timing control switch board are introduced. The timing control board of this system takes FPGA as the main control chip, and uses optical fiber and network port and DAM, signal processing board, respectively. The data acquisition device and the upper computer communicate with each other in order to connect each module of the system; Then, the design of timing control logic and timing in each mode is introduced in detail, and the debugging and simulation results are given. The system consists of seven working modes, namely, the mode of eye, the mode of receiving correction, the mode of emissive correction, the mode of T search, the mode of variable T search, the mode of step frequency and the mode of phase coding. The flexible switching of logic control in different working modes is realized. At last, the phase error correction of digital array antenna transceiver channel is introduced in detail. The phase inconsistency is usually existed in each channel of digital array radar, which has a serious impact on radar performance. In this paper, a set of correction networks is used to combine the two distributed subarrays for joint correction to eliminate the phase inconsistency of the channel. The actual debugging results show that the logic design of timing control designed in this paper is simple and effective, and the timing control of distributed radar can be realized well. The phase correction method of the transceiver channel introduced in this paper can also effectively overcome the phase inconsistency of the transceiver channel, which has important reference significance for the design and research of distributed radar.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN958;TN791

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本文編號：2381197