發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-28 09:26

【摘要】：電力線通信是指以現(xiàn)有的中、低壓電力線配電網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為傳輸媒介,實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)、圖像、語(yǔ)音等綜合業(yè)務(wù)傳輸?shù)耐ㄐ偶夹g(shù)。電力線載波通信技術(shù)利用現(xiàn)有電力線網(wǎng)絡(luò),具有布署快速,無(wú)需額外布線,覆蓋范圍廣等優(yōu)點(diǎn),應(yīng)用前景十分廣闊。但是,電力線網(wǎng)絡(luò)是專(zhuān)門(mén)為輸電要求配置的,有其固有的不利特性,故需要采用合適的調(diào)制解調(diào)技術(shù),才能克服電力線上的干擾和衰耗,實(shí)現(xiàn)電力線上的可靠傳輸通信。基于電力線通信環(huán)境的特點(diǎn)以及傳輸特性,對(duì)比研究現(xiàn)在電力線載波通信技術(shù)之間的優(yōu)劣后,本課題決定采用正交頻分復(fù)用調(diào)制技術(shù)以實(shí)現(xiàn)電力線上的載波通信。正交頻分復(fù)用(OFDM)技術(shù)具有抗干擾能力強(qiáng)、頻譜利用率高、可以用IFFT/FFT實(shí)現(xiàn)調(diào)制解調(diào)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因此在電力線載波通信領(lǐng)域得到了越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用。然而,OFDM技術(shù)也存在一些缺點(diǎn)：較高的峰值平均功率比(PAPR)、對(duì)接收端同步系統(tǒng)性能要求較為苛刻等。本文正是研究基于OFDM技術(shù)的低壓電力線通信技術(shù),并采用DSP芯片實(shí)現(xiàn)能夠在低壓電力線環(huán)境下進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送與接收的OFDM通信系統(tǒng)。本文首先針對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)的電力線噪聲環(huán)境,對(duì)低壓電力線信道的噪聲特性進(jìn)行了分析,從系統(tǒng)實(shí)際應(yīng)用、測(cè)試的環(huán)境、現(xiàn)有的硬件情況出發(fā),建立能滿足電力線信道環(huán)境的通信模型,并分析了電力線信道的固有特性,為研究電力線信道對(duì)通信系統(tǒng)性能的影響提供了理論依據(jù)。接著,本文對(duì)降低OFDM系統(tǒng)的峰均比和同步這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了部分介紹與研究。本文對(duì)比了幾種常見(jiàn)的降低OFDM系統(tǒng)峰均比的方法。之后,對(duì)OFDM系統(tǒng)的同步技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,并研究一種適合在電力線通信系統(tǒng)上發(fā)送突發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)的同步算法。在該算法中,對(duì)前導(dǎo)符號(hào)中的同步幀進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),以便接收端利用這些前導(dǎo)符號(hào)的長(zhǎng)短訓(xùn)練序列來(lái)達(dá)到快速同步的效果,并用MATLAB軟件對(duì)該算法進(jìn)行仿真。最后,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)適合在電力線上通信的完整的OFDM系統(tǒng)方案。介紹了該系統(tǒng)發(fā)送端各個(gè)功能模塊的設(shè)計(jì)以及接收端中由DSP完成的功能模塊的設(shè)計(jì),并用MATLAB軟件對(duì)各個(gè)功能模塊進(jìn)行仿真分析,再對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的誤碼率性能進(jìn)行仿真,驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的實(shí)用性。之后采用TI公司的DSP芯片TMS320VC5416作為核心控制平臺(tái),編程實(shí)現(xiàn)以上功能模塊的設(shè)計(jì),并進(jìn)行測(cè)試。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明該系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)符合預(yù)期的性能。
[Abstract]:Power line communication is a kind of communication technology, which uses the existing medium, low voltage power line distribution network as the transmission medium to realize the data, image, voice and other integrated services transmission. Power line carrier communication technology makes use of the existing power line network, which has the advantages of fast deployment, no extra wiring, wide coverage and so on. However, the power line network is specially configured for transmission requirements, which has its inherent disadvantages, so it is necessary to adopt appropriate modulation and demodulation technology in order to overcome the interference and decay on the power line and to realize reliable transmission and communication on the power line. Based on the characteristics of power line communication environment and transmission characteristics, after comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the current power line carrier communication technology, this subject decided to adopt orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation technology to realize the carrier communication on the power line. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been widely used in power line carrier communication field because of its strong anti-jamming ability, high spectral efficiency and the ability to realize modulation and demodulation with IFFT/FFT. However, OFDM technology also has some disadvantages: the higher peak average power is more demanding than the (PAPR), on the performance of the receiver synchronization system, and so on. This paper studies the low-voltage power line communication technology based on OFDM technology, and uses DSP chip to realize the OFDM communication system which can transmit and receive data under the low-voltage power line environment. In this paper, the noise characteristics of the low-voltage power line channel are analyzed in the light of the domestic power line noise environment. The actual application of the system, the testing environment and the existing hardware situation are discussed. A communication model which can satisfy the power line channel environment is established, and the inherent characteristics of the power line channel are analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis for studying the influence of the power line channel on the performance of the communication system. Then, the two key technologies of reducing PAPR and synchronization of OFDM system are introduced and studied in this paper. In this paper, several common methods to reduce PAPR in OFDM system are compared. Then, the synchronization technology of OFDM system is studied, and a synchronization algorithm suitable for transmitting burst data on power line communication system is studied. In this algorithm, the synchronization frame in the preamble is designed so that the receiver can use the training sequence of the preamble to achieve the effect of fast synchronization. The algorithm is simulated by MATLAB software. Finally, a complete OFDM system scheme is designed for power line communication. This paper introduces the design of each function module in the transmitter and the design of the function module completed by DSP in the receiving end of the system. The simulation analysis of each function module is carried out with the MATLAB software, and the BER performance of the whole system is simulated. The practicability of the system is verified. Then the DSP chip TMS320VC5416 of TI Company is used as the core control platform, and the design of the above function module is realized by programming, and the test is carried out. The test results show that the system design meets the expected performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN913.6

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