【摘要】：視頻監(jiān)控是當(dāng)今社會(huì)蓬勃發(fā)展的智能建筑項(xiàng)目不可缺失的重要組成成分。它隨著數(shù)字視頻技術(shù)和電子技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,正朝著數(shù)字化和智能化方向迅速進(jìn)化。作為視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)前端設(shè)備的視頻圖像采集卡擔(dān)負(fù)著圖像采集和傳輸?shù)闹匾?zé)任,已經(jīng)成為重點(diǎn)研究?jī)?nèi)容。隨著數(shù)字?jǐn)z像頭在視頻監(jiān)控中逐步取代模擬攝像頭的趨勢(shì)發(fā)展,基于Camera Link新型接口的高分辨、高質(zhì)量的攝像頭由于其快速傳輸速率正在逐步運(yùn)用其中,但與之匹配的Camera Link圖像采集卡由于高昂的價(jià)格及性能冗余并不能為普通用戶接受。同時(shí)由于大容量、高帶寬的極高性能要求,目前國(guó)內(nèi)圖像采集卡基于多路Camera Link接口的產(chǎn)品少之又少。本文的目的就是設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)實(shí)時(shí)、快速、經(jīng)濟(jì)的采集卡以滿足圖像高效傳輸?shù)囊蟆?本論文主要設(shè)計(jì)一種基于PCI Express總線的4路Camera Link接口的數(shù)字視頻圖像采集卡。與傳統(tǒng)采集卡相比,該多路Camera Link采集卡以FPGA為邏輯實(shí)現(xiàn)的核心器件,不僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了圖像的采集功能,而且實(shí)現(xiàn)了攝像機(jī)性能控制及多路視頻源的同步接收,簡(jiǎn)化了硬件結(jié)構(gòu),節(jié)約系統(tǒng)成本；采用新型Camera Link接口接收攝像頭輸入的圖像數(shù)據(jù),提高了采集卡的傳輸速率和抗干擾能力；將接收到的圖像數(shù)據(jù)緩存至外部存儲(chǔ)器DDR2SDRAM中,彌補(bǔ)了低端FPGA芯片內(nèi)存SRAM容量小和SDR SDRAM讀寫(xiě)慢的問(wèn)題；通過(guò)×4通道的PCI Express總線與上位機(jī)相連,滿足工程多路圖像同步接收對(duì)高速傳輸速率的要求。 論文首先介紹了視頻圖像采集卡的研究背景,研究現(xiàn)狀和課題來(lái)源,并針對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)中用到的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)如Camera Link接口及LVDS技術(shù)、FPGA技術(shù)、PCI Express總線技術(shù)進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單闡述。其次設(shè)計(jì)主要從采集卡的整體設(shè)計(jì)方案選擇、硬件電路和FPGA各功能模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析,詳細(xì)介紹了圖像采集接口、DDR2SDRAM接口以及PCI Express總線接口硬件電路設(shè)計(jì),重點(diǎn)研究了4路CameraLink圖像采集模塊、PCI Express總線接口模塊、DDR2SDRAM控制模塊具體軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)。最后論文采用Modelsim SE工具對(duì)采集卡的主要單元進(jìn)行了功能仿真和測(cè)試,并對(duì)仿真和測(cè)試結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析和討論,證明了設(shè)計(jì)方案的可行性和合理性,滿足課題設(shè)計(jì)要求。
[Abstract]:Video surveillance is an important component of intelligent building project. With the rapid development of digital video technology and electronic technology, it is rapidly evolving towards the direction of digitalization and intelligence. As the front-end equipment of the video surveillance system, the video image acquisition card bears the important responsibility of image acquisition and transmission, and has become the key research content. With the development of digital camera replacing analog camera in video surveillance, high resolution based on new Camera Link interface and high quality camera are being used gradually because of its fast transmission rate. But the matching Camera Link image acquisition card can not be accepted by ordinary users due to its high price and performance redundancy. At the same time, due to the high performance requirements of large capacity and high bandwidth, there are very few products of domestic image acquisition card based on multi-channel Camera Link interface. The purpose of this paper is to design a real-time, fast and economical acquisition card to meet the requirements of efficient image transmission. This paper mainly designs a digital video image acquisition card based on PCI Express bus and 4 channels Camera Link interface. Compared with the traditional acquisition card, the multi-channel Camera Link acquisition card uses FPGA as the core device, which not only realizes the function of image acquisition, but also realizes the performance control of the camera and the synchronous receiving of the multi-channel video source, which simplifies the hardware structure. Saving system cost; The new Camera Link interface is used to receive the image data input from the camera, which improves the transmission rate and anti-interference ability of the acquisition card. The received image data is cached into the external memory DDR2SDRAM, which makes up for the small memory SRAM capacity of the low-end FPGA chip and the slow reading and writing of SDR SDRAM. The PCI Express bus of the 脳 4 channel is connected to the host computer, which meets the requirement of the high speed transmission rate of the multi-channel synchronous image reception. Firstly, this paper introduces the research background, research status and source of the video image acquisition card, and briefly describes the key technologies used in the design, such as Camera Link interface and LVDS technology, FPGA technology and, PCI Express bus technology. Secondly, the design mainly analyzes the whole design scheme of the acquisition card, the hardware circuit and the realization of each function module of FPGA, and introduces in detail the hardware circuit design of image acquisition interface, DDR2SDRAM interface and PCI Express bus interface. Four CameraLink image acquisition module, PCI Express bus interface module and DDR2SDRAM control module are studied in detail. Finally, the paper uses Modelsim SE tool to simulate and test the main unit of the acquisition card, and analyzes and discusses the simulation and test results, which proves the feasibility and rationality of the design scheme and meets the requirements of the subject design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN948.6

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