【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代光電子技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展，各類光電轉(zhuǎn)換器件的不斷出現(xiàn)，光電檢測(cè)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域越來(lái)越廣泛,尤其是微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用發(fā)展。微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)中，，常常由于信號(hào)動(dòng)態(tài)范圍寬、背景噪聲大給信號(hào)檢測(cè)帶來(lái)較大的困難。本文根據(jù)微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)技術(shù)原理，設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于單片機(jī)的微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。 首先，本文探討了微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)技術(shù)的研究背景和國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀，對(duì)比了在微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)中常用的幾種方法。其次，對(duì)于微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的放大電路模塊、電路控制模塊、電源電路、信號(hào)采集與傳輸模塊進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹和討論。其中，重點(diǎn)分析了放大電路部分，利用對(duì)數(shù)放大器的信號(hào)壓縮功能，結(jié)合積分放大器原理實(shí)現(xiàn)寬動(dòng)態(tài)、大噪聲信號(hào)的壓縮和變換，使信號(hào)平穩(wěn)變換輸出，有效的被提取出來(lái)。對(duì)于系統(tǒng)的軟件部分采用單片機(jī)C語(yǔ)言編寫程序。然后，利用兩種光電二極管（PN型和PIN型）對(duì)微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的入射光功率特性和入射光頻率特性進(jìn)行了討論和分析，并測(cè)量了實(shí)際的發(fā)光二極管的光譜。最后，對(duì)系統(tǒng)電路測(cè)量結(jié)果和輸出特性進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，并提出了該課題下一步研究工作。 微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)電路的測(cè)量結(jié)果表明，該系統(tǒng)在微弱光信號(hào)檢測(cè)中達(dá)到較理想的效果。系統(tǒng)電路成本較低、速度較快、操作靈活，可以用于多種場(chǎng)合下的微弱信號(hào)的檢測(cè)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern optoelectronic technology and the continuous emergence of various photoelectric conversion devices, the application of photoelectric detection technology is becoming more and more extensive, especially the application of weak optical signal detection technology. In weak optical signal detection, it is often difficult to detect the signal because of the wide dynamic range of the signal and the large background noise. According to the principle of weak optical signal detection, a weak optical signal detection system based on single chip microcomputer is designed in this paper. Firstly, this paper discusses the research background of weak optical signal detection technology and the current research situation at home and abroad, and compares several methods commonly used in weak optical signal detection. Secondly, the amplifier circuit module, circuit control module, power supply circuit, signal acquisition and transmission module of weak light signal detection system are introduced and discussed in detail. Among them, the amplifying circuit is analyzed emphatically. The signal compression function of logarithmic amplifier and the principle of integral amplifier are used to realize the compression and transformation of wide-dynamic and high-noise signals, so that the signals can be output smoothly and extracted effectively. For the software part of the system using single-chip C language programming. Then, two kinds of photodiodes (PN and PIN) are used to analyze the incident light power and frequency characteristics of the weak light signal detection system, and the spectrum of the light emitting diodes is measured. Finally, the measurement results and output characteristics of the system circuit are summarized, and the next research work is put forward. The measurement results of the circuit of the weak optical signal detection system show that the system achieves satisfactory results in the weak optical signal detection. Because of its low cost, high speed and flexible operation, the system can be used to detect weak signals in many situations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN911.23

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