【摘要】：由于激光雷達(dá)工作頻率高，，載波波長(zhǎng)短，因此，在成像分辨率等方面較傳統(tǒng)微波雷達(dá)具有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)，越來(lái)越多的應(yīng)用于對(duì)地感測(cè)、遙感等民用和軍事領(lǐng)域。但是，由于激光發(fā)射功率和接收靈敏度限制，造成激光雷達(dá)的作用距離與傳統(tǒng)微波雷達(dá)存在較大差距，提高作用距離成為激光雷達(dá)領(lǐng)域研究熱點(diǎn)。在諸多提高作用距離的方法中，脈沖壓縮技術(shù)具有較大的提高潛力，因此，基于聲表面波脈沖壓縮激光雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)的性能分析和仿真研究具有較高的理論價(jià)值以及實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 本文首先分析激光雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)時(shí)寬-帶寬積特性，說(shuō)明了具有寬時(shí)寬-帶寬積的信號(hào)是可以進(jìn)行脈沖壓縮的，給出了發(fā)射線性調(diào)頻信號(hào)的激光雷達(dá)脈沖壓縮原理和過(guò)程。得到了采用脈沖壓縮體制的線性調(diào)頻激光雷達(dá)接收機(jī)特性，該系統(tǒng)接收機(jī)接收的信號(hào)具有窄脈寬和高峰值功率優(yōu)勢(shì)，同時(shí)滿足激光雷達(dá)遠(yuǎn)距離和高距離分辨率要求。本文基于脈沖壓縮技術(shù)原理設(shè)計(jì)了聲光脈沖壓縮的線性調(diào)頻脈沖激光雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)，詳細(xì)分析了聲光脈沖壓縮的線性調(diào)頻脈沖激光雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)工作過(guò)程，得到了目標(biāo)距離方程和距離方程與噪聲相對(duì)關(guān)系。 其次，根據(jù)線性調(diào)頻脈沖壓縮激光雷達(dá)原理，進(jìn)行了線性調(diào)頻脈沖壓縮激光雷達(dá)的匹配濾波仿真研究，通過(guò)數(shù)值仿真得到了通過(guò)目標(biāo)距離變化與輸出相關(guān)峰變化的線性對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，證明了基于聲光相關(guān)器的測(cè)距激光雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)的可行性。 最后，對(duì)基于聲光脈沖壓縮的線性調(diào)頻脈沖激光雷達(dá)信號(hào)處理進(jìn)行研究，完善該系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案，建立了脈沖壓縮激光雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)仿真模型。在這一模型基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能指標(biāo)進(jìn)行研究，獲得了使用脈沖壓縮技術(shù)可以有效地提高激光雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)信噪比，顯著提高系統(tǒng)的探測(cè)距離等性能的重要結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Because of its high operating frequency and carrier wave length, lidar has obvious advantages over traditional microwave radar in imaging resolution, and is more and more used in civil and military fields such as ground sensing, remote sensing and so on. However, due to the limitation of laser power and receiving sensitivity, there is a big gap between the operating range of laser radar and the traditional microwave radar, so increasing the range of action has become a hot spot in the field of laser radar. The pulse compression technique has great potential in improving the working range. Therefore, the performance analysis and simulation of the surface acoustic wave pulse compression lidar system have high theoretical value and practical application value. In this paper, the characteristics of time-wideband product of lidar system are analyzed firstly, and the pulse compression principle and process of laser radar pulse compression with wide-time-wideband product are explained, and the principle and process of pulse compression of laser radar with LFM signal are given. The characteristics of LFM lidar receiver using pulse compression scheme are obtained. The receiver has the advantages of narrow pulse width and high peak power, and meets the requirements of long range and high range resolution of lidar. Based on the principle of pulse compression, a linear frequency modulation pulse laser radar system based on acoustooptic pulse compression is designed in this paper. The working process of linear frequency modulated pulse laser radar system with acoustooptic pulse compression is analyzed in detail. The target distance equation and the relative relation between the distance equation and noise are obtained. Secondly, according to the principle of LFM pulse compression lidar, the matched filter simulation of LFM pulse compression lidar is studied. The linear correspondence between the range variation of target and the change of output correlation peak is obtained by numerical simulation, and the feasibility of ranging lidar system based on acoustooptic correlator is proved. Finally, the signal processing of LFM laser radar based on acoustooptic pulse compression is studied, the design scheme of the system is improved, and the simulation model of pulse compression laser radar system is established. On the basis of this model, the performance index of the system is studied, and an important conclusion is obtained that the signal-to-noise ratio of lidar system can be effectively improved and the detection range of the system can be significantly improved by using pulse compression technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN958.98

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