【摘要】：隨著通信技術的不斷發(fā)展，人們對移動通信提出了更高的要求，通信系統(tǒng)需要應對更大的數(shù)據(jù)容量，并且要保證通信質(zhì)量和較高的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速度�；驹谝苿油ㄐ畔到y(tǒng)中扮演著重要的角色，基站天線性能的好壞將直接影響到移動通信系統(tǒng)的服務質(zhì)量。為了達到通信系統(tǒng)的要求，基站天線正向寬帶化、小型化、一體化發(fā)展。天線性能取決于天線的各項性能指標，包括方向圖、波瓣寬度、增益、帶寬等�；咎炀�的設計不僅要達到指標要求，而且還要實現(xiàn)小型化以解決龐大的基站數(shù)量引起的站址資源匱乏的問題。 微帶天線具有剖面低、體積小、重量輕，，能與有源電路一起集成等優(yōu)點，但其頻帶窄的缺點一直制約著它的發(fā)展，微帶天線的應用也受到極大限制。本文利用微帶天線剖面低、體積小的優(yōu)點通過微帶天線的寬頻帶技術設計了一款小型化寬頻帶雙極化微帶天線單元。天線采用十字縫隙耦合、多層積疊貼片和雙層饋電等技術，這些技術的采用不僅拓寬了天線帶寬，同時實現(xiàn)良好的阻抗匹配。雙層饋電技術減小了天線尺寸，并具有良好的隔離度。通過仿真與實測，天線的性能基本滿足3G基站天線的要求。 本文首先對基站天線的性能指標、基站天線的選型以及微帶天線的分析方法和寬頻帶技術進行介紹；其次，設計了一款小型化寬頻帶微帶天線并進行仿真和理論分析，得到的仿真結果較好；第三，利用該天線單元設計天線陣并進行仿真；最后，對此小型化微帶天線制作實物，并對實物進行測量，測量結果與仿真結果比較接近，其兩個極化端口VSWR1.5阻抗帶寬分別為40%和38.5%，涵蓋3G頻段。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of communication technology, people put forward higher requirements for mobile communications, communication systems need to deal with greater data capacity, and to ensure the quality of communication and high data transmission speed. Base station plays an important role in mobile communication system. The performance of base station antenna will directly affect the quality of service of mobile communication system. In order to meet the requirement of communication system, base station antenna is developing towards broadband, miniaturization and integration. Antenna performance depends on the antenna performance, including pattern, lobe width, gain, bandwidth and so on. The design of base station antenna should not only meet the requirements of the target, but also realize miniaturization to solve the problem of shortage of site resources caused by the large number of base stations. Microstrip antenna has the advantages of low profile, small volume, light weight, and can be integrated with active circuit. However, its narrow frequency band has restricted its development, and the application of microstrip antenna has been greatly limited. Based on the advantages of low profile and small size of microstrip antenna, a miniaturized broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna unit is designed by using the broadband technique of microstrip antenna. The antenna uses cross-slot coupling, multi-layer stacked patch and double-layer feed technology. These techniques not only widen the bandwidth of antenna, but also achieve good impedance matching. The double-layer feed technology reduces the antenna size and has good isolation. Through simulation and measurement, the performance of the antenna basically meets the requirements of 3G base station antenna. In this paper, the performance index of base station antenna, the selection of base station antenna, the analysis method and broadband technology of microstrip antenna are introduced. Secondly, a miniaturized broadband microstrip antenna is designed, and the simulation and theoretical analysis are carried out, and the simulation results are good. Thirdly, the antenna array is designed and simulated by the antenna element. Finally, the miniaturized microstrip antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured results are close to the simulation results. The VSWR1.5 impedance bandwidth of the two polarization ports is 40% and 38.5% respectively, covering the 3G band.
【學位授予單位】：華僑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN828.6

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