【摘要】：隨著空間電磁環(huán)境的日益復(fù)雜,設(shè)備接收機極易受到干擾信號的影響,導(dǎo)致分析的結(jié)果出現(xiàn)誤差,部分接收機甚至出現(xiàn)飽和現(xiàn)象,而無法正常工作,對日常的生活影響非常大。人們常用的導(dǎo)航GPS接收機或者北斗接收機由于需要高靈敏的感應(yīng)微弱信號,在強干擾的情況下接收機由于功率放大器放大倍數(shù)較大的原因很容易出現(xiàn)飽和而無法進行定位和導(dǎo)航;手機基站或者移動基站附近的干擾源會使其無法正常獲取用戶的需求,同樣手機客戶端用戶也沒辦法聯(lián)絡(luò)到基站,造成通信的間斷和失聯(lián)。同時工作在飽和狀態(tài)的發(fā)射機因為功率放大器的非線性效應(yīng),會產(chǎn)生帶外信號,對其他設(shè)備造成不必要的干擾。避免功率放大器的非線性效應(yīng),可以理解為發(fā)射機的抗飽和技術(shù)。所以,接收機抗飽和和抗干擾技術(shù)以及發(fā)射機的抗飽和技術(shù)在現(xiàn)在和未來都有很大的研究意義。本文首先介紹了抗干擾技術(shù)和抗飽和技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀。以天線陣列為主,詳細介紹了空域濾波抗干擾技術(shù)的原理和波束形成的準則,同時對空時自適應(yīng)抗干擾技術(shù)進行了闡述�？沼驗V波可以在波達方向角(DOA)已知和未知的情況下進行。對于DOA信息的估計和獲取,第三章詳細的分析了具有高分辨率的多重信號分類(MUSIC)估計算法,并進行了仿真實驗。為了提高估計分辨率和降低硬件設(shè)計復(fù)雜度,提出了簡單矢量陣列的DOA估計方法,同時給出了基于旋轉(zhuǎn)陣列的DOA估計的解模糊方法。針對現(xiàn)有的功率放大器的非線性模型提出了基于稀疏時延的改進模型,并簡要介紹了AGC的概況。AGC抗飽和方法有一個致命的缺陷,那就是其對有用信號的放大倍數(shù)會因強干擾的影響而變得很小,導(dǎo)致接收機無法正常分析信號。文中提出了基于射頻端的幅相加權(quán)的抗飽和模塊在抑制強干擾的同時,能夠保證有用信號的增益不會受到嚴重的影響,并給出了一種基于兩級等效陣列的抗飽和抗干擾方案。最后文章針對導(dǎo)航接收設(shè)備易因強干擾而出現(xiàn)飽和現(xiàn)象這一特定的情況,給出了整體抗飽和自適應(yīng)抗干擾的系統(tǒng)方案,并在FPGA平臺上對系統(tǒng)涉及的算法進行編程設(shè)計。分析解決了軟件設(shè)計中存在的問題,最后通過在暗室的實驗驗證了算法的可行性。
[Abstract]:With the increasing complexity of the space electromagnetic environment, the equipment receiver is easily affected by the interference signal, which leads to the error of the analysis results, some receivers even appear saturation phenomenon, and can not work normally, which has a great impact on the daily life. The commonly used navigation GPS receivers or Beidou receivers require sensitive weak signals. In the case of strong interference, the receiver can not locate and navigate easily because of the high magnification of the power amplifier, and the interference source near the mobile phone base station or mobile base station will make it unable to obtain the user's demand normally. The same mobile phone client users can not contact the base station, resulting in communication interruption and loss of connection. Because of the nonlinear effect of the power amplifier, the transmitter operating in saturation state will produce out-of-band signals, which will cause unnecessary interference to other equipments. Avoiding the nonlinear effect of power amplifier can be understood as the anti-saturation technology of transmitter. Therefore, the anti-saturation and anti-jamming technology of receiver and the anti-saturation technology of transmitter have great significance in the present and future. This paper first introduces the research status of anti-jamming technology and anti-saturation technology. Based on antenna array, the principle of spatial filtering anti-jamming technology and the principle of beamforming are introduced in detail, and the space-time adaptive anti-jamming technology is also described. Spatial filtering can be performed when the DOA (DOA) is known and unknown. For the estimation and acquisition of DOA information, the (MUSIC) estimation algorithm with high resolution is analyzed in detail in chapter 3, and the simulation experiment is carried out. In order to improve the resolution and reduce the complexity of hardware design, the DOA estimation method of simple vector array is proposed, and the method of DOA estimation based on rotating array is presented. Based on the existing nonlinear model of power amplifier, an improved model based on sparse delay is proposed, and the general situation of AGC is briefly introduced. The anti-saturation method of AGC has a fatal defect. That is, the amplification of the useful signal becomes very small because of the strong interference, resulting in the receiver can not analyze the signal normally. In this paper, an anti-saturation module based on the amplitude additive weight of RF terminal is proposed, which can suppress the strong interference while ensuring that the gain of the useful signal will not be seriously affected. A new anti-saturation anti-jamming scheme based on the two-stage equivalent array is proposed. Finally, in view of the special situation that navigation receiving equipment is prone to saturation due to strong interference, the system scheme of anti-saturation adaptive anti-jamming is presented, and the algorithm involved in the system is programmed on FPGA platform. The problems in software design are analyzed and solved. Finally, the feasibility of the algorithm is verified by experiments in the darkroom.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN97

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