基于衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)中汽車位置管理策略研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-17 09:22
【摘要】：位置管理的目的是使系統(tǒng)能夠高效地跟蹤移動(dòng)用戶的位置,確保當(dāng)尋呼到來時(shí)能迅速精確的找到被叫移動(dòng)用戶并建立通信鏈路,均衡位置更新和位置尋呼的資源開銷,達(dá)到高效的利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源從而避免造成不必要浪費(fèi)的目的。在位置管理策略中,性能分析是確定位置管理策略和設(shè)計(jì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)的關(guān)鍵指標(biāo),并通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)信令開銷分析來評(píng)價(jià)策略的性能。當(dāng)前我國汽車保有量大幅上漲,交通越發(fā)擁擠,為了滿足車輛移動(dòng)性需求,并充分利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源,迫切需要一種新的適應(yīng)于車聯(lián)網(wǎng)特征的汽車位置管理策略。本文對(duì)車聯(lián)網(wǎng)體系架構(gòu)和當(dāng)前已有的位置管理策略做了詳細(xì)研究,根據(jù)地理特性和交通特性設(shè)計(jì)基于衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)位置管理拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),并根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)特點(diǎn)將其劃分為路網(wǎng)區(qū)域和非路網(wǎng)區(qū)域。在路網(wǎng)區(qū)域中,利用衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航技術(shù)中網(wǎng)絡(luò)RTK的實(shí)時(shí)高精度特性,設(shè)計(jì)基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)RTK的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)路網(wǎng)區(qū)域位置管理模型,并驗(yàn)證觀測(cè)時(shí)間與基線長(zhǎng)度對(duì)定位精度的影響。建立車聯(lián)網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)庫部署模型和通信機(jī)制,進(jìn)一步將路網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分為城鎮(zhèn)二維動(dòng)態(tài)位置區(qū)拓?fù)浜头浅擎?zhèn)一維k度重疊位置區(qū)拓?fù)?設(shè)計(jì)基于GAW的高精度雙重越區(qū)策略對(duì)車輛越區(qū)行為管理。對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)拓?fù)涮岢鲆环N基于三層區(qū)域的動(dòng)態(tài)車輛位置更新策略和基于車輛行駛方向矢量的三步尋呼策略。對(duì)非城鎮(zhèn)拓?fù)湟胱罱换バ^(qū)和入口小區(qū)概念,抵消了乒乓效應(yīng)的影響提高了尋呼效率。在非路網(wǎng)區(qū)域中,提出基于北斗RNSS/RDSS雙模組合技術(shù)的位置管理模型,在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)基于動(dòng)態(tài)距離和時(shí)間增強(qiáng)型的位置管理策略,并利用真實(shí)車輛GPS數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)策略進(jìn)行分析,劃分不同行駛特性車輛運(yùn)算得出非路網(wǎng)區(qū)域中最佳距離門限,分析尋呼率對(duì)系統(tǒng)位置管理開銷影響。利用Matlab軟件對(duì)車聯(lián)網(wǎng)路網(wǎng)區(qū)域中位置管理策略進(jìn)行仿真和性能分析,對(duì)該區(qū)域兩種車聯(lián)網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)在VS2010上分別編寫軟件模型來驗(yàn)證策略可行性。針對(duì)非路網(wǎng)區(qū)域無通信基站特性,利用真實(shí)車輛GPS數(shù)據(jù)庫編寫分析程序,設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)大量車輛數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析驗(yàn)證。對(duì)路網(wǎng)區(qū)域策略與傳統(tǒng)靜態(tài)策略相對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證表明,本文所提出的位置管理策略能夠明顯減小位置管理開銷,在車聯(lián)網(wǎng)中擁有良好的前景。
[Abstract]:The purpose of location management is to enable the system to track the location of the mobile user efficiently, to ensure that the called mobile user can be quickly and accurately located and to establish a communication link when the paging arrives, and to balance the resource overhead of the location update and the location paging. To achieve efficient use of network resources so as to avoid unnecessary waste. In the location management strategy, the performance analysis is the key index to determine the location management strategy and design the network architecture, and the performance of the strategy is evaluated through the network signaling overhead analysis. In order to meet the demand of vehicle mobility and make full use of network resources, a new vehicle position management strategy is urgently needed to meet the needs of vehicle mobility and make full use of network resources. In this paper, the architecture of vehicle networking and the existing location management strategies are studied in detail. According to the geographical characteristics and traffic characteristics, the location management topology of vehicle network based on satellite navigation is designed. According to the characteristics of basic network construction, it is divided into road network area and non-network area. In the area of road network, the real time and high precision characteristic of network RTK in satellite navigation technology is used to design the position management model of vehicle network based on network RTK, and to verify the influence of observation time and baseline length on positioning accuracy. The vehicle network database deployment model and communication mechanism are established, and the road network structure is further divided into two dimensional dynamic location region topology of town and one dimensional k-degree overlapping position area topology of non-town. A high precision dual handoff strategy based on GAW is designed to manage vehicle overtaking behavior. A dynamic vehicle position updating strategy based on three-layer region and a three-step paging strategy based on vehicle direction vector are proposed for urban topology. The concepts of the nearest interactive cell and the entrance cell are introduced to the non-urban topology, which counteract the effect of ping-pong effect and improve the paging efficiency. In the non-network area, a position management model based on Beidou RNSS/RDSS dual-mode combination technology is proposed. On this basis, a position management strategy based on dynamic distance and time enhancement is designed, and the strategy is analyzed using real vehicle GPS data. The optimal distance threshold in the non-road network area is obtained by dividing the vehicle operation with different driving characteristics, and the influence of paging rate on the system location management overhead is analyzed. The simulation and performance analysis of the position management strategy in the area of vehicle network are carried out by using Matlab software. The software models of the two kinds of vehicle networking structures in this area are written on VS2010 to verify the feasibility of the strategy. In view of the characteristics of the base station without communication in the non-network area, the analysis program is written by using the real vehicle GPS database, and the data structure is designed to analyze and verify a large number of vehicle data. Compared with the traditional static strategy, the results show that the proposed location management strategy can significantly reduce the overhead of location management, and has a good prospect in vehicle networking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U495;TN967.1
，
本文編號(hào)：2276218
[Abstract]:The purpose of location management is to enable the system to track the location of the mobile user efficiently, to ensure that the called mobile user can be quickly and accurately located and to establish a communication link when the paging arrives, and to balance the resource overhead of the location update and the location paging. To achieve efficient use of network resources so as to avoid unnecessary waste. In the location management strategy, the performance analysis is the key index to determine the location management strategy and design the network architecture, and the performance of the strategy is evaluated through the network signaling overhead analysis. In order to meet the demand of vehicle mobility and make full use of network resources, a new vehicle position management strategy is urgently needed to meet the needs of vehicle mobility and make full use of network resources. In this paper, the architecture of vehicle networking and the existing location management strategies are studied in detail. According to the geographical characteristics and traffic characteristics, the location management topology of vehicle network based on satellite navigation is designed. According to the characteristics of basic network construction, it is divided into road network area and non-network area. In the area of road network, the real time and high precision characteristic of network RTK in satellite navigation technology is used to design the position management model of vehicle network based on network RTK, and to verify the influence of observation time and baseline length on positioning accuracy. The vehicle network database deployment model and communication mechanism are established, and the road network structure is further divided into two dimensional dynamic location region topology of town and one dimensional k-degree overlapping position area topology of non-town. A high precision dual handoff strategy based on GAW is designed to manage vehicle overtaking behavior. A dynamic vehicle position updating strategy based on three-layer region and a three-step paging strategy based on vehicle direction vector are proposed for urban topology. The concepts of the nearest interactive cell and the entrance cell are introduced to the non-urban topology, which counteract the effect of ping-pong effect and improve the paging efficiency. In the non-network area, a position management model based on Beidou RNSS/RDSS dual-mode combination technology is proposed. On this basis, a position management strategy based on dynamic distance and time enhancement is designed, and the strategy is analyzed using real vehicle GPS data. The optimal distance threshold in the non-road network area is obtained by dividing the vehicle operation with different driving characteristics, and the influence of paging rate on the system location management overhead is analyzed. The simulation and performance analysis of the position management strategy in the area of vehicle network are carried out by using Matlab software. The software models of the two kinds of vehicle networking structures in this area are written on VS2010 to verify the feasibility of the strategy. In view of the characteristics of the base station without communication in the non-network area, the analysis program is written by using the real vehicle GPS database, and the data structure is designed to analyze and verify a large number of vehicle data. Compared with the traditional static strategy, the results show that the proposed location management strategy can significantly reduce the overhead of location management, and has a good prospect in vehicle networking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U495;TN967.1
，
本文編號(hào)：2276218
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