【摘要】：穿墻雷達(dá)，尤其是寬帶穿墻雷達(dá)，已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用在了地震救援、反恐、安檢等領(lǐng)域，隨著應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的不斷擴(kuò)展和市場(chǎng)規(guī)模的逐漸增長(zhǎng)，人們不僅希望穿墻雷達(dá)繼續(xù)保持探測(cè)靈敏、定位準(zhǔn)確、成像清晰的優(yōu)越性能，而且還開(kāi)始要求穿墻雷達(dá)向低成本、高可靠性的實(shí)用化方向發(fā)展。頻率步進(jìn)雷達(dá)作為一種成熟的傳統(tǒng)雷達(dá)體制，以其系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、可靠性高、成本低廉等優(yōu)點(diǎn)成為穿墻雷達(dá)向?qū)嵱没l(fā)展的理想方案，本文對(duì)寬帶頻率步進(jìn)雷達(dá)穿墻探測(cè)與成像技術(shù)進(jìn)行探索和研究，在背景干擾消除、人體動(dòng)態(tài)特征提取、人體目標(biāo)定位和成像方面取得了一定進(jìn)展。 本文利用矢量網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析儀產(chǎn)生頻率步進(jìn)信號(hào)，利用電動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌移動(dòng)收發(fā)天線形成合成孔徑，并通過(guò)labview軟件對(duì)矢量網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析儀和天線運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行控制，從而建立了一套簡(jiǎn)單可靠的頻率步進(jìn)穿墻雷達(dá)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)。并利用該平臺(tái)進(jìn)行了大量的實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，，通過(guò)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的分析和驗(yàn)證解決了穿墻成像中背景干擾強(qiáng)、人體特征難以提取、成像散焦等關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。針對(duì)穿墻探測(cè)與成像中所存在的墻體反射信號(hào)過(guò)強(qiáng)問(wèn)題，提出靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)兩種干擾對(duì)消方法，并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)分析了各自適用的場(chǎng)景。在對(duì)消的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)人體目標(biāo)的跑動(dòng)、走動(dòng)、靜止心跳呼氣等動(dòng)態(tài)特征進(jìn)行了提取，根據(jù)動(dòng)態(tài)特征對(duì)人體目標(biāo)進(jìn)行測(cè)距和定位。分析了穿墻成像中電磁波在墻體中的傳播特征，運(yùn)用后向投影(BP)方法對(duì)目標(biāo)進(jìn)行成像，獲得了聚焦良好的圖像。
[Abstract]:Wall penetrating radar, especially broadband penetrating wall radar, has been widely used in earthquake rescue, counter-terrorism, security inspection and other fields. With the continuous expansion of application fields and the gradual growth of market scale, People not only hope that the penetrating wall radar will continue to maintain the superior performance of sensitive detection, accurate location and clear imaging, but also begin to require the development of the wall penetrating radar to the practical direction of low cost and high reliability. As a mature traditional radar system, frequency stepping radar (FPR) has become an ideal scheme for the practical development of wall-penetrating radar due to its simple structure, high reliability and low cost. In this paper, the detection and imaging technology of Wideband frequency stepping radar through the wall is explored and studied. Some progress has been made in background interference elimination, human body dynamic feature extraction, human target location and imaging. In this paper, the frequency stepping signal is generated by the vector network analyzer, and the synthetic aperture is formed by moving the receiving and receiving antenna of the electric guideway. The vector network analyzer and the antenna motion are controlled by labview software. Thus a simple and reliable experimental platform of frequency stepping through wall radar is established. Through the analysis and verification of the measured data, the key problems such as strong background interference, difficult extraction of human features and defocusing are solved by using the platform. Aiming at the problem of over-strong reflected signals in the detection and imaging of the wall, two kinds of interference cancellation methods, static and dynamic, are proposed, and their applicable scenarios are analyzed through experiments. On the basis of cancellation, the dynamic features such as running, moving and resting breath of human body target are extracted, and the range and location of human target are carried out according to the dynamic feature. In this paper, the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in the wall are analyzed, and a good focusing image is obtained by using the backward projection (BP) method to image the target.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN957.52

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