【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Wireless Sensor Network)是一個多跳的自組織的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò),簡稱為WSN。WSN這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)一般需要通過數(shù)量龐大的移動、定點感應(yīng)裝置通過多跳傳輸與自組織方式建立起的數(shù)據(jù)傳遞系統(tǒng)對信息進行收集整理、分析處理,再將收集到的信息分別傳遞給區(qū)域范圍內(nèi)需要該信息的網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶[1]。在WSN中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)在源節(jié)點中根據(jù)一定的機制被劃分為不同的優(yōu)先級。在數(shù)據(jù)幀中,將優(yōu)先級信息和數(shù)據(jù)一起封裝,實現(xiàn)其在網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點間的傳輸,最終保證在轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)節(jié)點或源節(jié)點間實現(xiàn)重要數(shù)據(jù)的快速傳送。在無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,MAC協(xié)議處于傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議的底層部分,負責管理、協(xié)調(diào)用戶共享的信道資源,因此,MAC協(xié)議對傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的性能有較大影響。論文擴展了IEEE 802.11的數(shù)據(jù)幀,結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)先級和能量優(yōu)先級對S-MAC協(xié)議進行了改進,解決數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)先級的攜帶問題。在發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)時,根據(jù)發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)和能量的優(yōu)先級及網(wǎng)絡(luò)負載情況,節(jié)點調(diào)整自己的競爭窗口,從而使網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的高優(yōu)先級數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)先傳送,低優(yōu)先級的數(shù)據(jù)推遲發(fā)送,達到分散競爭壓力,減少碰撞次數(shù)的目的。本文為了提高實驗的可行性,故采用NS2作為仿真實驗平臺,對文中所提出的改進方法進行仿真測試。實驗結(jié)果表明,文中改進后的協(xié)議對高優(yōu)先級數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸時延有明顯地降低,在一定程度上均衡網(wǎng)絡(luò)負載,延長了網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存時間。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network) is a multi-hop self-organized wireless network, known as WSN.WSN. The fixed-point induction device collects and processes the information through the data transmission system established by multi-hop transmission and self-organization, and then transfers the collected information to the network users who need the information in the region [1]. In WSN, network data is divided into different priorities in source nodes according to certain mechanisms. In the data frame, the priority information and data are encapsulated together to realize the transmission between the network nodes, and finally to guarantee the fast transfer of important data between the forwarding nodes and the source nodes. In wireless sensor networks (WSN), MAC protocol is the bottom part of WSN protocol, which is responsible for managing and coordinating the channel resources shared by users. Therefore, MAC protocol has a great impact on the performance of WSN. In this paper, the data frame of IEEE 802.11 is extended, and the data priority and energy priority are combined to improve the S-MAC protocol to solve the problem of carrying the data priority. When sending data, according to the priority of sending data and energy and network load, the node adjusts its own competition window so that the high-priority data in the network is transferred first, and the low-priority data is sent later. To achieve the goal of dispersing competitive pressure and reducing the number of collisions. In order to improve the feasibility of the experiment, this paper uses NS2 as the simulation experiment platform, and carries on the simulation test to the improved method proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that the improved protocol can significantly reduce the transmission delay of high-priority data, balance the network load to a certain extent, and prolong the network lifetime.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN915.04
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本文編號：2262521