【摘要】：近些年,各個(gè)國家政府都相繼出臺(tái)了促進(jìn)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展的策略,越來越多的企業(yè)、研究機(jī)構(gòu)也都給予了足夠的重視,投入了極高的熱情。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入技術(shù)作為實(shí)現(xiàn)將感知網(wǎng)絡(luò)統(tǒng)一互聯(lián)到公共網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中扮演著極其重要的角色。然而,由于初期缺乏統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與規(guī)范,開發(fā)者往往針對(duì)具體的應(yīng)用需求來設(shè)計(jì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入系統(tǒng),一旦應(yīng)用環(huán)境發(fā)生改變,系統(tǒng)便需要重新開發(fā),造成了極大的資源浪費(fèi),如何實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)不同感知設(shè)備的接入,是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵問題之一。并且由于多媒體技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,實(shí)現(xiàn)視頻數(shù)據(jù)的接入可以使物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域更加廣泛,對(duì)推動(dòng)各行業(yè)發(fā)展具有重要意義。本文從實(shí)際應(yīng)用角度出發(fā),結(jié)合時(shí)下較熱的Arduino開源硬件技術(shù),從嵌入式系統(tǒng)、數(shù)據(jù)采集技術(shù)、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)和數(shù)據(jù)傳輸技術(shù)等方面對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,實(shí)現(xiàn)了可以接入視頻數(shù)據(jù)的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入原型。具體完成的工作和成果如下:首先通過分析物聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入需求,對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了模塊劃分,論述了其中涉及的接入技術(shù);并通過對(duì)Arduino技術(shù)的研究,給出了系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)方案,搭建了系統(tǒng)開發(fā)環(huán)境。其次對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)采集存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)研究,論述了利用V4L2技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)視頻數(shù)據(jù)采集的方法;并通過分析Arduino標(biāo)準(zhǔn)庫,論述了利用Arduino相關(guān)技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)傳感器數(shù)據(jù)采集和存儲(chǔ)的方法。然后通過研究相應(yīng)傳輸協(xié)議,論述了使用HTTP超文本傳輸協(xié)議和Yeelink物聯(lián)網(wǎng)云平臺(tái)傳輸傳感器數(shù)據(jù)的方法;通過分析流媒體傳輸協(xié)議RTP/RTCP,對(duì)RTP封包策略進(jìn)行了研究,論述了使用Arduino傳輸視頻數(shù)據(jù)的方法,并通過對(duì)NAL單元進(jìn)行分片處理來加強(qiáng)視頻數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)姆�(wěn)定性。最后為了對(duì)基于Arduino的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入技術(shù)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,使用JRTPLIB接收RTP數(shù)據(jù),FFmpeg視頻解碼,SDL顯示幀圖像,完成了視頻接收端軟件的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn),搭建了測(cè)試環(huán)境,對(duì)系統(tǒng)原型各功能進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,該物聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入原型基本符合設(shè)計(jì)要求,且其具有較高的重用性、靈活性和可擴(kuò)展性,便于其他的開發(fā)愛好者進(jìn)行二次開發(fā),可以降低開發(fā)成本,減少開發(fā)周期,具有實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the governments of various countries have issued the strategy to promote the development of the Internet of things. More and more enterprises and research institutions have also paid enough attention to it and invested a great deal of enthusiasm. Internet of things (IoT) access technology, as a key technology to realize the unified interconnection of perceptual networks to public networks, plays an extremely important role in the Internet of things. However, due to the lack of uniform standards and specifications in the initial stage, developers often design the Internet of things access system according to specific application requirements. Once the application environment changes, the system needs to be redeveloped, resulting in a great waste of resources. How to access different sensing devices is one of the key problems in the application of Internet of things technology. Because of the rapid development of multimedia technology, the realization of video data access can make the Internet of things application more extensive, which is of great significance to promote the development of various industries. In this paper, the Internet of things access technology is studied from the aspects of embedded system, data acquisition technology, data storage technology and data transmission technology, combined with the popular Arduino open source hardware technology from the point of view of practical application. The Internet of things (IoT) access prototype, which can access video data, is implemented. The specific work and results are as follows: firstly, by analyzing the access requirements of the Internet of things, the modules of the Internet of things access system are divided, and the related access technologies are discussed, and the implementation scheme of the system is given through the research of the Arduino technology. The system development environment is built. Secondly, this paper focuses on data acquisition and storage technology, discusses the method of video data acquisition using V4L2 technology, and discusses the method of realizing sensor data acquisition and storage by using Arduino technology through analyzing Arduino standard library. Then, by studying the corresponding transmission protocols, this paper discusses the method of using HTTP hypertext transmission protocol and Yeelink cloud platform to transmit sensor data, and studies the RTP packet strategy by analyzing the streaming media transmission protocol RTP/RTCP,. This paper discusses the method of using Arduino to transmit video data, and strengthens the stability of video data transmission by slicing the NAL unit. Finally, in order to verify the Internet of things access technology based on Arduino, JRTPLIB is used to receive RTP data and FFmpeg video decoder to display the frame image. The software design and implementation of the video receiver is completed, and the test environment is built. The functions of the system prototype are tested. The test results show that the Internet of things access prototype basically conforms to the design requirements, and it has high reusability, flexibility and expansibility. It is convenient for other development enthusiasts to carry out secondary development, and can reduce the development cost and development cycle. It has practical application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.44;TN929.5
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本文編號(hào)：2248321