基于分布式放大器和CRLH傳輸線的有源漏波天線設(shè)計
[Abstract]:With the development of wireless communication system, active integrated antenna is widely used in military and commercial fields, such as phased array, power synthesis, mobile communication and wireless sensor, because of its small size, strong function and high efficiency. At the same time, microstrip leaky wave antenna, as a new smart antenna, has become a research hotspot in recent years because of its advantages such as beam electronic frequency scanning characteristics, low profile, easy integration and so on. Compound left and right hand (CRLH) leaky wave antenna is one of the many applications of CRLH transmission line. The composite left-right-hand transmission line can transmit both fast and slow waves at the same time. The compound left-right hand transmission line working in the fast wave region is called the leaky wave antenna which can realize the forward backward and side radiation and at the same time has a very low profile. These advantages enable the CRLH leaky antenna to be integrated with active devices or made into conformal surfaces for use in wireless communication systems. Distributed amplifiers (Distributed Amplifier,DA), also called traveling wave amplifiers, are parallel along transmission lines to achieve flatter gain and better impedance matching in very wide frequency bands. Based on the structure of distributed amplifier and the theory of CRLH leaky wave antenna, the microstrip leaky wave antenna based on distributed amplifier and CRLH is studied in this paper by using electromagnetic simulation combined with experimental method. An improved active integrated leaky antenna is proposed and designed. The main work of this thesis is as follows: 1. A miniaturized balanced low noise working in 1.9GHz is designed. The miniaturization simulation design of 3dB orthogonal coupler is carried out by using MWO software. The open branch and step impedance line are used to reduce the length of the coupling arm and to increase the bandwidth as much as possible. Compared with the traditional 3dB coupler, the area of the small broadband 3dB coupler is reduced by about 80%. The circuit size is reduced effectively. The measured results show that the circuit has good performance and meets the design index. 2. 2. The main performance parameters and working principle of distributed amplifier are introduced. Based on the small signal model of MEFET, an ultra wideband amplifier working in 2.5~6GHz is designed. In the operating frequency band, the gain of the amplifier is about 11s of 10dB and less than -10 dB. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation. The basic analysis method and design idea of CRLH transmission line are introduced from the research of compound left-hand equivalent circuit. The CRLH leaky wave antennas with symmetric and asymmetric structures are analyzed and compared. On this basis, the six-element symmetric and asymmetric CRLH microstrip leaky wave antennas working in equilibrium state are studied and designed respectively. The CRLH leaky wave antenna with asymmetric structure is less than -10dB in the operating frequency band 2.4~6.8GHz. The radiation beam can be scanned continuously from backward to forward without gap, and the scanning range of the beam can reach -30 擄~ 50 擄. The operating frequency range of symmetrical leaky wave antenna is 2.6 GHz. The simulation results show that the antenna is less than -10dB in the operating frequency band, and the scanning range is -60 擄/ 80 擄路4. Based on the common characteristics of CRLH leaky wave antenna and distributed amplifier, the symmetrical CRLH leaky wave antenna is designed to replace the drain transmission line of distributed amplifier. At the same time, the lumped CRLH transmission line, which is consistent with the dispersion relation of the leaky antenna, is designed to replace the grid transmission line, and the phase consistency between the grid transmission line and the drain transmission line is solved. The gain of the measured antenna is flat and the maximum and minimum gain difference of the measured frequency is less than 2.2 dB. Due to the embedding of the distributed amplifier, the actual gain of the leaky antenna is about 5.5dB under the smaller size of only 6 units, which increases the effective radiation area significantly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:TN820
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