【摘要】：硬件容錯(cuò)加固技術(shù),具有能耗、面積及復(fù)雜性線路等方面的開銷,因此對(duì)于星載應(yīng)用,硬件容錯(cuò)代價(jià)高昂。軟件容錯(cuò)技術(shù)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,其良好的靈活性、可配置性及較高的錯(cuò)誤覆蓋率,很好滿足了星載軟件的發(fā)展需要。軟件容錯(cuò)由于無(wú)需修改硬件,而被用于可靠性加固。隨著軟件容錯(cuò)技術(shù)地不斷發(fā)展,出現(xiàn)了大量性能良好的容錯(cuò)算法——無(wú)論在控制流或數(shù)據(jù)流方面,都形成了許多思路方法巧妙且檢錯(cuò)能力強(qiáng)的算法。然而,算法也產(chǎn)生了運(yùn)算開銷與加固強(qiáng)度的折衷選擇問(wèn)題。因此,針對(duì)特定算法特點(diǎn)ABFT(Algorithm Based Fault Tolerance),且作可配置軟件加固CBFT(Configurable Based Fault Tolerance)技術(shù),受到了特別青睞。本文在借鑒軟加固經(jīng)典算法的同時(shí),針對(duì)RDA算法特點(diǎn),提出了一種針對(duì)運(yùn)算特征、簡(jiǎn)單而又滿足運(yùn)算性能需求的多層次軟加固技術(shù)。對(duì)此,我們作了幾個(gè)方面的討論:1.針對(duì)RDA成像核心部件——FFT運(yùn)算,文章提出基于數(shù)據(jù)加權(quán)且校驗(yàn)和的容錯(cuò)算法WCFT。文章并分析了算法的錯(cuò)誤檢測(cè)能力、性能開銷,算法設(shè)計(jì)的特點(diǎn)及優(yōu)點(diǎn)。2.文章提出針對(duì)RDA程序特點(diǎn)的ABFT算法,整合校驗(yàn)和方法及WCFT算法的特點(diǎn),給出一種有效的錯(cuò)誤檢測(cè)恢復(fù)機(jī)制。針對(duì)運(yùn)算精度要求,權(quán)衡性能開銷,提出雙精度運(yùn)算及三角函數(shù)置表方法;針對(duì)FFT中錯(cuò)誤高發(fā)部分——倒序運(yùn)算,提出倒序置表方法;提出針對(duì)算法增量運(yùn)算的錯(cuò)誤檢測(cè)方法,及針對(duì)全局變量的冗余檢測(cè)方法。3.針對(duì)多處理器條件下的并行運(yùn)算,文章分析了冗余多線程執(zhí)行問(wèn)題及內(nèi)存訪問(wèn)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)問(wèn)題。文章并對(duì)增量因子錯(cuò)誤問(wèn)題作了分析,針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題提出相關(guān)技術(shù)改進(jìn)方法。4.采用同時(shí)輸入多行/列數(shù)據(jù)的FFT運(yùn)算——SIMD(Single Intruction Multiple Data)[53]設(shè)計(jì),使性能得到近一倍提升,并基于此提出針對(duì)性的錯(cuò)誤檢測(cè)恢復(fù)機(jī)制。同時(shí)該方法,節(jié)省了四次矩陣轉(zhuǎn)置操作,減少了內(nèi)存數(shù)據(jù)遷移及數(shù)據(jù)校驗(yàn)開銷。5.根據(jù)不同的應(yīng)用需求級(jí)別,提出針對(duì)SAR程序的CBFT算法:作了兩種級(jí)別的加固。文章并使用冗余算法作了錯(cuò)誤檢測(cè)恢復(fù)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Hardware fault-tolerant reinforcement technology has the cost of energy consumption, area and complex circuits, so hardware fault tolerance is very expensive for space-borne applications. Software fault-tolerant technology emerges as the times require, it has good flexibility, configurable and high error coverage, which can meet the development needs of space-borne software. Software fault tolerance is used for reliability reinforcement because there is no need to modify hardware. With the continuous development of software fault-tolerant technology, a large number of fault-tolerant algorithms with good performance have emerged. In both control flow and data flow, many algorithms with clever thinking methods and strong error detection ability have been formed. However, the algorithm also produces a trade-off between computational overhead and reinforcement strength. Therefore, CBFT (Configurable Based Fault Tolerance) technology based on ABFT (Algorithm Based Fault Tolerance), and configurable software is very popular. According to the characteristics of RDA algorithm, this paper presents a multi-level soft reinforcement technique which is simple and meets the requirement of operation performance. In this regard, we made several aspects of the discussion: 1. In this paper, a fault tolerant algorithm based on data weighted and checksum is proposed for the RDA imaging core component. This paper also analyzes the error detection ability, performance overhead, the characteristics and advantages of the algorithm design. This paper presents an effective error detection and recovery mechanism based on the characteristics of ABFT algorithm, integrated checksum method and WCFT algorithm, which is based on the characteristics of RDA program. According to the requirement of operation precision and weighing the performance overhead, this paper puts forward the double precision operation and trigonometric function table setting method; for the high error occurrence part-inversion operation in FFT, the inverted table method is put forward; and the error detection method for incremental algorithm operation is put forward. And the redundancy detection method for global variables. 3. In this paper, the problem of redundant multithread execution and memory access competition is analyzed for parallel operations under multiprocessor conditions. In this paper, the error problem of increment factor is analyzed, and the relative technical improvement method is put forward. 4. SIMD (Single Intruction Multiple Data) [53] is designed by using FFT operation which inputs multi-row / column data at the same time, and the performance is nearly doubled. Based on this, a targeted error detection and recovery mechanism is proposed. At the same time, this method saves the fourth order matrix transpose operation, reduces the memory data migration and data check cost. According to different application requirement levels, a CBFT algorithm for SAR programs is proposed: two levels of reinforcement are made. In this paper, the redundant algorithm is used to implement the error detection and recovery.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN957.52

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