【摘要】：在近年來(lái)幾場(chǎng)軍事沖突與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中,偵察和攻擊型無(wú)人機(jī)的作用越來(lái)越顯著。伴隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展,軍用無(wú)人機(jī)除單純偵察之外的攻擊、指揮、預(yù)警、電子戰(zhàn)等不同作戰(zhàn)功能逐步開(kāi)發(fā)加強(qiáng),戰(zhàn)術(shù)應(yīng)用將沿著單機(jī)作戰(zhàn)∴有人—無(wú)人協(xié)同作戰(zhàn)→無(wú)人機(jī)集群網(wǎng)絡(luò)作戰(zhàn)的發(fā)展路徑發(fā)展,這預(yù)示著未來(lái)的軍用無(wú)人機(jī)的聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信能力將至關(guān)重要,無(wú)人機(jī)作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)中心戰(zhàn)概念下空天地一體化中的重要一環(huán),其組網(wǎng)能力和網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能將對(duì)未來(lái)戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)模式產(chǎn)生重要影響。移動(dòng)自組網(wǎng)(Mobile Ad Hoc Networks)是由移動(dòng)節(jié)點(diǎn)自行組成的多跳臨時(shí)性網(wǎng)絡(luò),其無(wú)中心和自組織的特性尤其適用于作戰(zhàn)環(huán)境下的無(wú)人機(jī)群體協(xié)同作戰(zhàn)需求。隨著軍用無(wú)人機(jī)技術(shù)的成熟和大批量裝備,對(duì)Ad Hoc組建大型化網(wǎng)絡(luò)、適應(yīng)高動(dòng)態(tài)拓?fù)渥兓⒈３至己猛ㄐ判阅艿哪芰μ岢隽颂魬?zhàn),傳統(tǒng)的Ad Hoc路由協(xié)議已經(jīng)難以滿足上述要求,因此需要針對(duì)性的開(kāi)發(fā)適應(yīng)無(wú)人機(jī)戰(zhàn)術(shù)應(yīng)用模式需求的路由協(xié)議。本文的主要目的是研究能夠滿足大規(guī)模、不同移動(dòng)速度、大數(shù)據(jù)負(fù)載要求的AdHoc路由協(xié)議,力求在不同的應(yīng)用環(huán)境下,路由協(xié)議能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)低路由開(kāi)銷、數(shù)據(jù)延遲和包交付率有穩(wěn)定良好的表現(xiàn)。為實(shí)現(xiàn)上述目標(biāo),筆者主要做了以下工作：1.分析軍用無(wú)人機(jī)技術(shù)和應(yīng)用需求的發(fā)展以及無(wú)人機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點(diǎn),提出軍用無(wú)人機(jī)組網(wǎng)對(duì)路由協(xié)議性能的要求。2. 研究現(xiàn)有不同種類典型Ad Hoc路由協(xié)議的特點(diǎn),分析其在網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模、移動(dòng)速度、大數(shù)據(jù)負(fù)載、靈活任務(wù)分組等不同應(yīng)用環(huán)境下的路由開(kāi)銷和數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送能力,指出ZRP協(xié)議具有良好的開(kāi)發(fā)潛力。3. 提出基于ZRP改進(jìn)的ZRPBL協(xié)議。ZRPBL協(xié)議采用基于位置的思想完成區(qū)間通信路由,在保持ZRP協(xié)議良好、穩(wěn)定的性能表現(xiàn)的前提下,大幅削減了網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由開(kāi)銷。利用Qualnet網(wǎng)絡(luò)仿真軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)了ZRPBL協(xié)議算法,針對(duì)規(guī)模適應(yīng)性、節(jié)點(diǎn)移動(dòng)速度、大數(shù)據(jù)負(fù)載、靈活任務(wù)分組等需求進(jìn)行仿真,證明該協(xié)議在保持ZRP協(xié)議適應(yīng)性和靈活性的前提下進(jìn)一步提高了數(shù)據(jù)傳送的性能。4. 提出基于北斗導(dǎo)航定位系統(tǒng)的遠(yuǎn)程位置服務(wù)方案,該方案不依賴于無(wú)人機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò),在不增加網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載的情況下實(shí)現(xiàn)了節(jié)點(diǎn)位置查詢。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in several military conflicts and wars, reconnaissance and attack UAVs play a more and more important role. With the development of technology, the different operational functions of military UAVs, such as attack, command, early warning, electronic warfare and so on, have been gradually developed and strengthened in addition to pure reconnaissance. Tactical application will develop along the development path of single aircraft combat man-unmanned cooperative combat UAV cluster network combat, which indicates that the future military UAV network communication capability will be crucial. UAV is an important part of the integration of space and space under the concept of network-centric warfare. Its networking capability and network performance will have an important impact on the future war mode. Mobile ad hoc network (Mobile Ad Hoc Networks) is a multi-hop temporary network composed of mobile nodes. Its characteristics of centerless and self-organization are especially suitable for cooperative combat of UAVs in combat environment. With the maturity and mass equipment of military UAV technology, the ability of Ad Hoc to build large-scale networks, adapt to high dynamic topology changes and maintain good communication performance has been challenged. The traditional Ad Hoc routing protocol has been difficult to meet the above requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a routing protocol to meet the requirements of UAV tactical application mode. The main purpose of this paper is to study the AdHoc routing protocol which can meet the requirements of large scale, different moving speed and big data load, and make every effort to achieve low routing overhead under different application environments. Data latency and package delivery rates are stable and good. In order to achieve the above goal, the author mainly did the following work: 1. The development of military UAV technology and application requirements and the characteristics of UAV network are analyzed, and the performance requirements of routing protocol for military UAV network are put forward. This paper studies the characteristics of existing typical Ad Hoc routing protocols, and analyzes the routing overhead and data transmission capability in different application environments, such as network size, mobile speed, big data load, flexible task grouping and so on. It is pointed out that ZRP protocol has good development potential. An improved ZRPBL protocol. ZRPBL protocol based on ZRP is proposed, which uses location-based approach to complete the interval communication routing. Under the premise of maintaining the good and stable performance of the ZRP protocol, the routing overhead of the network is greatly reduced. The algorithm of ZRPBL protocol is realized by using Qualnet network simulation software. The algorithm is simulated according to the requirements of scale adaptability, node moving speed, big data load, flexible task grouping and so on. It is proved that the proposed protocol can further improve the performance of data transmission while keeping the adaptability and flexibility of the ZRP protocol. A remote location service scheme based on Beidou navigation and positioning system is proposed. The scheme does not depend on UAV network and realizes node location query without increasing network load.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5
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本文編號(hào)：2170640