【摘要】：無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(WSN,Wireless Sensor Networks)的提出,是基于環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)和目標(biāo)追蹤等一系列的實(shí)際應(yīng)用需求。作為一種新興的對(duì)環(huán)境和目標(biāo)進(jìn)行感知與探測(cè)的技術(shù)手段,如何提高WSN對(duì)目標(biāo)的檢測(cè)效率是一個(gè)十分重要的研究?jī)?nèi)容。因此,WSN的信號(hào)檢測(cè)問(wèn)題是其應(yīng)用和研究的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題之一。本文利用信號(hào)檢測(cè)理論的經(jīng)典方法,以能量檢測(cè)器(ED,Energy Detector)和協(xié)方差檢測(cè)器(Covariance Detector)為主要研究目標(biāo),結(jié)合WSN的信號(hào)傳播模型以及空間相關(guān)性理論,采用本文定義的覆蓋面積作為性能指標(biāo),分析和比較了兩種檢測(cè)器的檢測(cè)性能。根據(jù)構(gòu)成檢測(cè)器的WSN節(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)分類(lèi),分別從單點(diǎn)獨(dú)立檢測(cè)、兩點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)和三點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)三種配置方式,對(duì)ED和CD的檢測(cè)性能進(jìn)行了理論分析與仿真測(cè)試。在單點(diǎn)獨(dú)立檢測(cè)和兩點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)的研究中,理論分析與仿真測(cè)試結(jié)果相一致。對(duì)于ED,使用兩點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)可以獲得比單點(diǎn)獨(dú)立檢測(cè)更好的檢測(cè)性能(更大的覆蓋面積)。對(duì)于ED和CD進(jìn)行兩點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)的性能研究中,ED采用AND和OR兩種判決規(guī)則。理論分析和仿真結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)節(jié)點(diǎn)間的距離較小時(shí),使用CD可以獲得比ED更好的檢測(cè)效果。但是當(dāng)節(jié)點(diǎn)間的距離增大,使用ED的OR方式能獲得更好的檢測(cè)效果。對(duì)ED采用AND和OR兩種規(guī)則進(jìn)行兩點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)所獲得的覆蓋面積進(jìn)行分析可以得出結(jié)論,當(dāng)節(jié)點(diǎn)間的距離小于某一特定值,使用AND規(guī)則可以獲得比使用OR規(guī)則更好的檢測(cè)性能;反之,當(dāng)節(jié)點(diǎn)間的距離超過(guò)這一特定值,使用OR規(guī)則可以獲得比AND規(guī)則更好的檢測(cè)性能。對(duì)于采用ED進(jìn)行兩點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)時(shí)AND規(guī)則與OR規(guī)則這一特定的性能分界點(diǎn),本文從理論上進(jìn)行了求解與驗(yàn)證。論文還從理論上研究了三點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)問(wèn)題,首先基于ED和CD這兩種基本檢測(cè)器,設(shè)計(jì)了適用于三點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)的檢測(cè)器。其次為了將三點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)的性能與單點(diǎn)獨(dú)立檢測(cè)以及兩點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)的性能進(jìn)行比較,設(shè)計(jì)了一種對(duì)檢測(cè)器的目標(biāo)區(qū)域的檢測(cè)概率分布進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)與表示的算法。最后通過(guò)這種方法,對(duì)檢測(cè)器的單點(diǎn)獨(dú)立檢測(cè)、兩點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)以及三點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)的性能進(jìn)行分析,研究結(jié)果表明,使用三點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)的檢測(cè)器性能明顯下降。因此,使用兩點(diǎn)聯(lián)合檢測(cè)可以獲得最好的檢測(cè)效果。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Network (WSNN) Wireless Sensor Networks) is based on a series of practical applications such as environmental monitoring and target tracking. As a new technique to perceive and detect the environment and target, how to improve the detection efficiency of WSN is a very important research content. Therefore, the signal detection problem of WSN is one of the key problems in its application and research. In this paper, the classical method of signal detection theory is used, the energy Detector and covariance detector (Covariance Detector) are the main research targets, and the signal propagation model of WSN and the spatial correlation theory are combined. The detection performance of the two detectors is analyzed and compared by using the coverage area defined in this paper as the performance index. According to the number of WSN nodes which constitute the detector, the detection performance of Ed and CD is analyzed theoretically and simulated from three configurations: single point independent detection, two point joint detection and three point joint detection. In the research of single point independent detection and two-point joint detection, the theoretical analysis is consistent with the simulation results. For EDs, using two-point joint detection can achieve better detection performance than single-point independent detection (larger coverage area). In the performance study of two points joint detection of Ed and CD, AND and OR are used in Ed. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that CD can obtain better detection results than Ed when the distance between nodes is small. But when the distance between nodes increases, the OR method of Ed can obtain better detection effect. When the distance between nodes is less than a certain value, the detection performance of AND rule is better than that of OR rule. On the other hand, when the distance between nodes exceeds this specific value, the detection performance of OR rule is better than that of AND rule. In this paper, we solve and verify the AND rule and OR rule, which is a specific performance boundary point, when Ed is used for two points joint detection. The paper also studies the problem of three point joint detection theoretically. Firstly, based on Ed and CD two basic detectors, a detector suitable for three point joint detection is designed. Secondly, in order to compare the performance of three-point joint detection with that of single-point independent detection and two-point joint detection, a statistical and representation algorithm for the detection probability distribution of the target region of the detector is designed. Finally, the performance of single point independent detection, two point joint detection and three point joint detection is analyzed by this method. The results show that the performance of the detector using three point joint detection is obviously decreased. Therefore, the best detection effect can be obtained by using two-point joint detection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN929.5;TP212.9

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本文編號(hào)：2164302