【摘要】：雷達跟蹤是外彈道試驗測試的一種重要手段,而雷達的布設(shè)位置直接影響到測量的精度甚至是能否跟蹤到目標；而隨著新型武器的不斷出現(xiàn),目標的材質(zhì)(隱身)特征和機動性能有了大幅度的提高和改善,而在試驗中要求雷達跟蹤系統(tǒng)能夠適應(yīng)目標的各種新特性。因此,在實驗前對雷達的布站方案進行預(yù)先驗證以評估方案的跟蹤能力顯得尤為重要。外彈道測試雷達跟蹤能力預(yù)先論證系統(tǒng)正是這樣的一個系統(tǒng),它利用推演出的雷達信噪比跟蹤算法模型,實時的對目標跟蹤探測進行的預(yù)估計和可視化,使研究人員在實際工程前獲知每一時刻的測量數(shù)據(jù),采取及時有效的應(yīng)對措施。本文是以外彈道試驗測試方案預(yù)先論證系統(tǒng)項目為應(yīng)用背景,對目標跟蹤進行了系統(tǒng)設(shè)計。介紹了彈道運動學以及雷達的基本功能和結(jié)構(gòu),分析了目前現(xiàn)有雷達跟蹤技術(shù)中有些參數(shù)無法準確測量、測試結(jié)果精確度等特點,設(shè)計了一種基于雷達信噪比的目標跟蹤能力測試系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)是在Delphi環(huán)境設(shè)計完成,設(shè)計成本低且能夠?qū)?shù)據(jù)處理結(jié)果直觀、簡潔的加以展現(xiàn),對實際工程方案的可行性進行了有效的判斷。在研究設(shè)計的過程中,首先通過分析雷達方程基本形式和目標跟蹤的相關(guān)技術(shù),得出了雷達與目標距離、雷達與目標夾角及雷達散射截面積等影響雷達跟蹤的重要參數(shù),并在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了雷達跟蹤模型。其次,對導彈的飛行軌跡和提出的跟蹤算法進行了可行性檢測,通過軟件仿真可得出該方法是行之有效的。鑒于此跟蹤方法,準確的提取出影響目標跟蹤和導彈飛行的各項參數(shù),將得到的影響因子進行匯總分析,作為跟蹤軟件設(shè)計實現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)。最后,運用Delphi開發(fā)環(huán)境,實現(xiàn)了雷達的跟蹤測試能力系統(tǒng)軟件的設(shè)計。該系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)楋w行軌跡、雷達跟蹤狀況進行測量,實現(xiàn)了雷達對目標跟蹤的預(yù)估計和可視化。以此來驗證雷達測試方案的可行性,并對遠程武器系統(tǒng)測試方案的制定做了初步的估計,具有現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:Radar tracking is an important means of external ballistic testing, and the location of radar directly affects the accuracy of the measurement and even whether it can be tracked to the target, and with the continuous emergence of new weapons, The material (stealth) characteristics and maneuverability of the target have been greatly improved, but the radar tracking system is required to adapt to various new characteristics of the target in the experiment. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the tracking ability of radar station placement scheme by pre-verification before the experiment. The pre-demonstration system of radar tracking ability for external ballistic testing is just such a system. It uses the derived radar signal-to-noise ratio tracking algorithm model to pre-estimate and visualize the target tracking detection in real time. The researchers are informed of the measured data at every moment before the actual project and take timely and effective measures to deal with them. In this paper, the system design of target tracking is carried out under the background of pre-demonstration of the test scheme of external ballistic test. This paper introduces the ballistic kinematics, the basic function and structure of radar, and analyzes the characteristics of the current radar tracking technology, such as some parameters can not be measured accurately, and the accuracy of test results is analyzed. A target tracking capability test system based on radar signal-to-noise ratio is designed. The system is designed in Delphi environment, the design cost is low and the result of data processing can be displayed directly and succinctly. The feasibility of the practical project is judged effectively. In the process of research and design, by analyzing the basic form of radar equation and the relative technology of target tracking, the important parameters such as the range between radar and target, the angle between radar and target and the area of radar scattering are obtained. On this basis, the radar tracking model is established. Secondly, the flight trajectory and the tracking algorithm of the missile are tested, and the simulation results show that the method is effective. In view of this tracking method, the parameters that affect the target tracking and missile flight are extracted accurately, and the influence factors are summarized and analyzed as the basis for the design and implementation of the tracking software. Finally, the software design of radar tracking and testing ability system is realized by using Delphi development environment. The system can measure the missile flight trajectory and radar tracking, and realize the pre-estimation and visualization of radar target tracking. In order to verify the feasibility of the radar test scheme, and to make a preliminary estimate of the long-range weapon system test scheme, it is of practical significance.
【學位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN953

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本文編號：2158764