【摘要】：社會(huì)高速發(fā)展的同時(shí),室內(nèi)定位服務(wù)日漸成為繼室外定位技術(shù)之后又一重要的定位手段,越來越多的工作和生活領(lǐng)域需要精確的室內(nèi)定位服務(wù)。雖然典型的室外定位技術(shù)(如：GPS定位技術(shù))可以得到更好的定位精度,但是它的信號(hào)極容易受天氣和其他外部因素影響,而且穿透建筑等障礙物的能力較差,因此,要實(shí)現(xiàn)精確的室內(nèi)定位,需要使用其他技術(shù)解決方案。通過無線WiFi網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)助室內(nèi)定位,很大程度上可以解決GPS等室外定位技術(shù)在建筑密集區(qū)域和室內(nèi)區(qū)域的局限,擴(kuò)展了定位的服務(wù)領(lǐng)域。本文主要研究的是基于WiFi網(wǎng)絡(luò)的位置指紋識(shí)別定位技術(shù)。 基于WiFi無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的位置指紋識(shí)別定位技術(shù)具有誤差小、定位速度快、可擴(kuò)展性好等特點(diǎn),成為繼GPS定位、聲波定位等定位技術(shù)后的又一重要的定位手段。 首先本論文簡(jiǎn)要介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外的基于多種不同技術(shù)方案的室內(nèi)定位技術(shù),接著介列舉了多種影響室內(nèi)定位精度的主要因素；然后通過對(duì)典型室內(nèi)傳播模型的介紹,詳細(xì)分析了基于這些傳播模型的定位算法。本文第三章首先介紹了幾種典型的位置指紋定位算法,分析了這幾種算法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn),并針對(duì)這些缺點(diǎn),創(chuàng)新性的提出了對(duì)數(shù)匹配算法、RSSI加權(quán)匹配算法,與傳統(tǒng)的K加權(quán)最近鄰算法(WKNN)相結(jié)合,改進(jìn)了取點(diǎn)規(guī)則,提出了改進(jìn)的綜合算法。使用自主開發(fā)的定位軟件進(jìn)行模擬定位測(cè)試,對(duì)得到的定位結(jié)果進(jìn)行仿真分析,驗(yàn)證了改進(jìn)的綜合算法的定位精度要優(yōu)于典型的WKNN算法。 最后,在實(shí)際環(huán)境中進(jìn)行測(cè)試。使用自主開發(fā)的定位軟件、筆記本電腦終端以及實(shí)驗(yàn)室無線路由器等設(shè)備進(jìn)行定位測(cè)試。分別測(cè)試WKNN算法和改進(jìn)的綜合算法。最后對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果(即定位誤差)進(jìn)行分析比對(duì),驗(yàn)證了改進(jìn)的綜合算法的定位精度在WKNN算法的基礎(chǔ)上有了較大的提高,與第三章的軟件模擬測(cè)試結(jié)果相符。
[Abstract]:At the same time, with the rapid development of society, indoor positioning service has become an important means of positioning after outdoor positioning technology. More and more work and life fields need accurate indoor positioning services. While typical outdoor positioning techniques (such as the: GPS) can achieve better positioning accuracy, their signals are extremely vulnerable to weather and other external factors and are less able to penetrate obstacles such as buildings. To achieve accurate indoor positioning, other technical solutions are required. With the help of wireless WiFi network, outdoor positioning technology, such as GPS, can solve the limitation of building intensive area and indoor area to a great extent, and expand the service field of location. This paper mainly studies the location fingerprint identification and location technology based on WiFi network. The location fingerprint identification and location technology based on WiFi wireless network has the characteristics of small error, fast positioning speed and good expansibility. It has become another important localization method after GPS positioning and acoustic positioning. First of all, this paper briefly introduces the indoor positioning technology based on many different technical schemes at home and abroad, then enumerates a variety of main factors that affect the indoor positioning accuracy, and then introduces the typical indoor propagation model. The localization algorithms based on these propagation models are analyzed in detail. In the third chapter, several typical location fingerprint location algorithms are introduced, the advantages and disadvantages of these algorithms are analyzed, and a logarithmic matching algorithm named RSSI weighted matching algorithm is proposed to solve these disadvantages. Combining with the traditional K-weighted nearest neighbor algorithm (WKNN), this paper improves the rule of taking points and proposes an improved synthesis algorithm. Using the self-developed localization software to carry on the simulation localization test, the simulation analysis to the localization result obtained, has verified the improved synthesis algorithm localization accuracy is superior to the typical WKNN algorithm. Finally, the test is carried out in a real environment. Use self-developed positioning software, notebook computer terminals and laboratory wireless routers and other equipment for location testing. The WKNN algorithm and the improved synthesis algorithm are tested respectively. Finally, the experimental results (that is, positioning errors) are analyzed and compared, and it is verified that the location accuracy of the improved synthetic algorithm is greatly improved on the basis of the WKNN algorithm, which is consistent with the results of the software simulation test in Chapter 3.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN92

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本文編號(hào)：2151416