【摘要】：能見度作為較常規(guī)的氣象觀測要素,可以反映大氣渾濁度,會(huì)給航空運(yùn)輸、環(huán)境監(jiān)測甚至人們出行安全帶來重大影響。激光雷達(dá)因其自身具備的遠(yuǎn)距離以及高分辨率探測等優(yōu)勢,已經(jīng)成為大氣探測(能見度、氣溶膠分布等)領(lǐng)域強(qiáng)有力的工具。隨著低能見度天氣(霧、霾、云)頻發(fā),嚴(yán)重影響了航空飛行安全,這些天氣下的能見度監(jiān)測工作已成為近年來的研究熱點(diǎn)。本文以民航實(shí)際需求為出發(fā)點(diǎn),提出了基于多次散射激光雷達(dá)方程,適用于低能見度天氣的斜程能見度反演方法和考慮多次散射的卷云光學(xué)特性的反演方法,并通過真實(shí)回波信號(hào)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)提出的兩種算法進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證,給出了精確的數(shù)值解。其具體內(nèi)容有以下幾個(gè)方面。1.簡要介紹了課題的研究背景和意義、能見度檢測設(shè)備以及反演方法的發(fā)展歷程。重點(diǎn)針對(duì)目前基于一次散射激光雷達(dá)方程的常用反演算法Klett和Fernald積分法以及多仰角法等進(jìn)行了推導(dǎo),并進(jìn)行了仿真模擬,提出了目前低能見度天氣下反演方法的不足,即忽略了對(duì)反演結(jié)果影響較大的多次散射參量的影響。2.針對(duì)上述不足,本文重點(diǎn)針對(duì)多次散射現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行研究,建立并優(yōu)化了多次散射傳輸模式,采用半解析蒙特卡洛模擬法計(jì)算多次散射分量。同時(shí),針對(duì)比較復(fù)雜的斜程能見度的求解問題,提出了針對(duì)低能見度環(huán)境條件下的,考慮多次散射影響的組合算法。對(duì)濃霧、輕霧、霾三種天氣下的真實(shí)回波信號(hào)進(jìn)行了斜程能見度的反演,給出了數(shù)值解,實(shí)現(xiàn)了更為精準(zhǔn)的探測。3.本文針對(duì)卷云激光雷達(dá)比等特性的反演進(jìn)行了研究,提出了考慮多次散射的卷云光學(xué)特性反演方法,對(duì)受多次散射影響較大的卷云激光雷達(dá)比以及卷云消光系數(shù)曲線進(jìn)行了修正,并對(duì)反演算法進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證,表明該算法具有較高的準(zhǔn)確度,更具應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Visibility, as a relatively conventional meteorological observation element, can reflect the atmospheric turbidity, which will have a significant impact on air transportation, environmental monitoring and even people's travel safety. Lidar has become a powerful tool in the field of atmospheric detection (visibility, aerosol distribution, etc.) because of its advantages of long-range and high-resolution detection. With the frequent occurrence of low visibility weather (fog, haze, cloud), aviation flight safety is seriously affected. Visibility monitoring under these weather conditions has become a hot research topic in recent years. Based on the practical requirements of civil aviation, this paper presents an inversion method of oblique visibility based on multiple scattering lidar equations, which is suitable for low visibility weather, and an inversion method for the optical properties of cirrus cloud considering multiple scattering. The two algorithms are simulated and verified by the real echo signal data, and the exact numerical solution is given. Its specific content has the following several aspects. The background and significance of the research, visibility detection equipment and the development of inversion methods are briefly introduced. The inversion algorithms such as Klett and Fernald integration method and multi-elevation method based on the first scattering lidar equation are derived and simulated, and the shortcomings of the current inversion method in low visibility weather are proposed. That is to say, the influence of multiple scattering parameters, which has a great influence on the inversion results, is ignored. In view of the above shortcomings, this paper focuses on the study of multiple scattering phenomena, establishes and optimizes the multiple scattering transmission mode, and calculates the multiple scattering components by using semi-analytical Monte Carlo simulation method. At the same time, aiming at the more complex slant visibility problem, a combination algorithm considering the influence of multiple scattering is proposed for low visibility environment. The real echo signals of dense fog, light fog and haze are inversed in oblique range visibility, and the numerical solution is given to realize more accurate detection. 3. In this paper, the inversion of the cirrus lidar ratio is studied, and an inversion method for the optical properties of cirrus cloud considering multiple scattering is proposed. The cirrus lidar ratio and the curve of cirrus extinction coefficient which are greatly affected by multiple scattering are modified, and the simulation results of the inversion algorithm show that the algorithm has higher accuracy and more application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN958.98

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