【摘要】：寬帶雷達(dá)在距離分辨力、目標(biāo)參數(shù)測(cè)量精度、雷達(dá)的“四抗”性能、目標(biāo)的識(shí)別性能、強(qiáng)雜波背景下弱目標(biāo)的檢測(cè)性能、信號(hào)的波形設(shè)計(jì)等方面相較于窄帶雷達(dá)有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì),是現(xiàn)代雷達(dá)檢測(cè)技術(shù)的重要方向之一。隨著各種新技術(shù)的興起,對(duì)雷達(dá)的分辨力的要求也越來(lái)越嚴(yán)格。當(dāng)雷達(dá)距離分辨力比目標(biāo)尺寸小很多的時(shí)候,目標(biāo)表現(xiàn)為距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)特性,傳統(tǒng)的點(diǎn)目標(biāo)檢測(cè)不能充分利用其回波特性,不在適用于目標(biāo)信號(hào)的檢測(cè)。因此,亟需對(duì)高分辨力雷達(dá)距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)進(jìn)行研究。本文圍繞著距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)的特征量檢測(cè)問(wèn)題,開(kāi)展了如下工作:1、介紹了寬帶雷達(dá)方程,并對(duì)距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)的RCS統(tǒng)計(jì)模型進(jìn)行分析。2、研究了距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)常用的LFM發(fā)射波形與脈沖壓縮技術(shù),并對(duì)距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)回波特性進(jìn)行仿真分析3、介紹了幾種經(jīng)典的雜波分布模型,分析了廣義復(fù)合分布雜波模型在不同參數(shù)的情況下可以退化成幾種經(jīng)典的雜波分布模型,同時(shí)用ZMNL方法對(duì)其進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證。4、介紹了三種現(xiàn)有的距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)檢測(cè)算法:能量積累檢測(cè)算法,最佳匹配檢測(cè)算法和M/N檢測(cè)算法。并用蒙特卡洛實(shí)驗(yàn)法仿真分析其算法優(yōu)劣性,并在不同的條件下對(duì)比其檢測(cè)性能。5、改進(jìn)的距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)檢測(cè)算法:偏斜度特征量和尖峰度特征量。根據(jù)目標(biāo)回波和雜波拖尾的厚度和高峰的尖峭程度,對(duì)其偏度或者峰度進(jìn)行檢測(cè),并用蒙特卡洛實(shí)驗(yàn)法仿真分析其算法優(yōu)劣性,并在不同的條件下對(duì)比其檢測(cè)性能。6、改進(jìn)的距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)檢測(cè)算法:三階累積量特征量。根據(jù)三階累積量能夠自動(dòng)消除高斯背景噪聲的特性,對(duì)其三階累積量進(jìn)行檢測(cè),并用蒙特卡洛實(shí)驗(yàn)法仿真分析其算法優(yōu)劣性,并在不同的條件下對(duì)比其檢測(cè)性能。本篇文章第一步介紹了距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)檢測(cè)的相關(guān)理論,接下來(lái)研究了適用于距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)的檢測(cè)的相關(guān)模型和距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)的雜波模型,通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證了距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)經(jīng)典的檢測(cè)算法,然后提出了基于特征量分析的距離擴(kuò)展目標(biāo)檢測(cè)新算法,最后通過(guò)仿真分析對(duì)比新算法的優(yōu)劣性。
[Abstract]:Wideband radar has obvious advantages over narrowband radar in range resolution, target parameter measurement accuracy, radar's "four resistance" performance, target recognition performance, weak target detection performance in strong clutter background, signal waveform design, etc. It is one of the important directions of modern radar detection technology. With the rise of various new technologies, the requirement of radar resolution is becoming more and more strict. When the range resolution of radar is much smaller than that of the target, the target is characterized by extended range. The traditional point target detection can not make full use of its echo characteristics and is not suitable for target signal detection. Therefore, it is urgent to study the range extended target of high resolution radar. In this paper, we focus on the feature detection of extended range targets, and introduce the wideband radar equation as follows: 1. The RCS statistical model of the extended range target is analyzed, and the LFM transmitting waveform and pulse compression technology are studied. The echo characteristics of the extended range target are simulated and analyzed. 3. Several classical clutter distribution models are introduced. The generalized composite distributed clutter model can degenerate into several classical clutter distribution models under different parameters. At the same time, the ZMNL method is used to verify the algorithm. 4. Three existing distance extended target detection algorithms are introduced: energy accumulation detection algorithm, best match detection algorithm and M / N detection algorithm. The Monte Carlo experiment method is used to simulate and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithm, and its detection performance is compared under different conditions. The improved distance extended target detection algorithm includes skewness characteristic quantity and spike degree characteristic quantity. According to the thickness of target echo and clutter tail and the sharp degree of peak, the skewness or kurtosis of target echo and clutter tail is detected, and the algorithm is simulated and analyzed by Monte Carlo experiment. At the same time, the detection performance is compared under different conditions. 6, and the improved distance extended target detection algorithm: the third order cumulant feature. According to the characteristic that third-order cumulant can automatically eliminate the background noise of Gao Si, the third-order cumulant is detected, and its algorithm is simulated and analyzed by Monte Carlo experiment, and its detection performance is compared under different conditions. In the first step of this paper, we introduce the theory of range-extended target detection. Then we study the model of range-extended target detection and the clutter model of distance-extended target. The classical distance extended target detection algorithm is verified by simulation. Then a new distance extended target detection algorithm based on feature analysis is proposed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the new algorithm are compared by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN957.51

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本文編號(hào)：2124712