【摘要】：在過(guò)去幾年里,無(wú)線(xiàn)通信經(jīng)歷了顯著發(fā)展,為無(wú)線(xiàn)Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶來(lái)前所未有的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn),無(wú)線(xiàn)Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)是無(wú)線(xiàn)通信領(lǐng)域新的發(fā)展方向,在其商業(yè)應(yīng)用越來(lái)越普及的同時(shí),自身也存在著許多亟待完善的地方,需要克服許多技術(shù)上的難題。動(dòng)態(tài)地址配置是其面向?qū)嶋H應(yīng)用的第一步,負(fù)載均衡是提升無(wú)線(xiàn)Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的重要因素,因此無(wú)線(xiàn)Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的動(dòng)態(tài)地址配置機(jī)制和具有負(fù)載均衡的路由協(xié)議是當(dāng)下研究的重要課題。而且,隨著智能終端的普及,如何在智能終端上運(yùn)行Mesh路由協(xié)議,使其能夠作為Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)的承載節(jié)點(diǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)自行組網(wǎng),也是當(dāng)下拓展無(wú)線(xiàn)Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用范圍需要攻克的一個(gè)技術(shù)難關(guān)。本文首先對(duì)無(wú)線(xiàn)Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行了概述,介紹了其網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)及研究現(xiàn)狀、研究意義。其次,重點(diǎn)介紹了本文采用的Mesh路由協(xié)議:LTMRP(Layer Two Mesh Routing Protocol)。接著,探索將LTMRP協(xié)議移植到Android手機(jī)和OpenWrt路由器上的方法,并基于這兩種平臺(tái)搭建了Mesh實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)進(jìn)行測(cè)試,將Mesh協(xié)議移植到智能終端上與Mesh路由器結(jié)合搭建Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò),不僅拓展了Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用范圍,也為后續(xù)驗(yàn)證動(dòng)態(tài)地址配置機(jī)制的可行性及測(cè)試負(fù)載均衡算法的性能奠定了基礎(chǔ)。然后,考慮到實(shí)際應(yīng)用及無(wú)線(xiàn)Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)的多跳性、無(wú)中心性、網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)鋭?dòng)態(tài)變化等特點(diǎn),提出了一種基于LTMRP協(xié)議的動(dòng)態(tài)地址自動(dòng)配置機(jī)制(Dynamic Address Auto-Configuration,DAAC)。所提DAAC機(jī)制與路由協(xié)議相結(jié)合,充分利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)中泛洪的HELLO包,考慮了協(xié)議的簡(jiǎn)潔性和實(shí)現(xiàn)的簡(jiǎn)單性,在盡量減少增加的網(wǎng)絡(luò)開(kāi)銷(xiāo)及降低沖突概率和配置時(shí)延的前提下,綜合考慮了IP分配、IP沖突及解決和網(wǎng)絡(luò)分割與融合,在保證分配IP地址唯一性的同時(shí),在各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)上實(shí)現(xiàn)了默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān)路由的動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)置。將所提DAAC機(jī)制在LTMRP協(xié)議中實(shí)現(xiàn),并測(cè)試驗(yàn)證了其可行性。最后,研究了無(wú)線(xiàn)Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的負(fù)載均衡算法,提出了一種基于LTMRP改進(jìn)的具有負(fù)載均衡的LB-LTMRP(Load Balancing LTMRP)協(xié)議并實(shí)現(xiàn),此協(xié)議定義了鏈路可用度來(lái)反映網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載的輕重,并將跳數(shù)、鏈路可靠性和鏈路可用度等指標(biāo)的加權(quán)值作為路由度量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡。對(duì)LB-LTMRP協(xié)議進(jìn)行測(cè)試,結(jié)果表明,在較重的網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載下,LB-LTMRP協(xié)議比LTMRP協(xié)議吞吐量更高、時(shí)延更低,提升了網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。
[Abstract]:In the past few years, wireless communication has experienced remarkable development, which brings unprecedented opportunities and challenges to wireless mesh network. Wireless mesh network is a new development direction in the field of wireless communication. At the same time, its commercial applications are becoming more and more popular. There are also many places to be improved, and many technical problems need to be overcome. Dynamic address configuration is the first step in practical application. Load balancing is an important factor to improve the performance of wireless mesh networks. Therefore, the dynamic address configuration mechanism and load balancing routing protocol in wireless mesh networks are important research topics. Moreover, with the popularity of intelligent terminals, how to run mesh routing protocol on smart terminals, which can be used as the bearer node of mesh networks to build their own networks, is also a technical difficulty that needs to be overcome to expand the application scope of wireless mesh networks. Firstly, this paper gives an overview of Wireless mesh Network (WMN), introduces its network structure, research status and significance. Secondly, this paper mainly introduces the mesh routing protocol: LTMRP (layer two mesh routing Protocol). Then, the paper explores the method of transplanting LTMRP protocol to Android mobile phone and OpenWrt router, and builds a mesh experimental platform based on these two platforms for testing. The mesh protocol is transplanted to intelligent terminal and combined with mesh router to build mesh network. It not only expands the application scope of mesh network, but also lays a foundation for verifying the feasibility of dynamic address configuration mechanism and testing the performance of load balancing algorithm. Then, considering the characteristics of practical applications and wireless mesh networks, such as multi-hop, non-centrality and network topology dynamic change, a dynamic Address Auto-ConfigurationDAAC (dynamic Address Auto-Configuration DAAC) based on LTMRP protocol is proposed. Combining the proposed DAAC mechanism with routing protocol, the proposed DAAC mechanism makes full use of the HELLO packet of flooding in the network, considering the simplicity of the protocol and the simplicity of its implementation. Under the premise of minimizing the network overhead and reducing the collision probability and configuration delay, the proposed DAAC mechanism can reduce the network overhead. The IP conflicts of IP assignment and the solution and network segmentation and fusion are considered synthetically. At the same time, the dynamic setting of default gateway routing is implemented on each node while ensuring the uniqueness of IP address allocation. The proposed DAAC mechanism is implemented in LTMRP protocol, and its feasibility is verified by test. Finally, the load balancing algorithm in wireless mesh network is studied, and an improved LB-LTMRP (load balancing LTMRP) protocol with load balancing based on LTMRP is proposed. The weighted value of link reliability and link availability is used as the standard of routing measurement, and then load balancing is realized. The LB-LTMRP protocol is tested. The results show that the LB-LTMRP protocol has higher throughput and lower delay than the LTMRP protocol under heavy network load and improves the network performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN929.5

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本文編號(hào)：2118638