本文選題：量子安全直接通信 + 無消相干子空間　； 參考：《華中科技大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：量子信息學是近年來迅速發(fā)展起來的以信息技術(shù)和量子力學基本原理為基礎(chǔ)的新型交叉學科,量子力學中的不可克隆定理和測不準原理保證了量子信息系統(tǒng)的絕對安全性,因此量子信息技術(shù)得到了廣泛的關(guān)注。量子通信技術(shù)作為量子信息領(lǐng)域中最成熟、實用化程度最高的研究內(nèi)容得到了飛速的發(fā)展。從第一個量子密鑰分發(fā)協(xié)議BB84協(xié)議的提出,到量子密鑰分發(fā)系統(tǒng)在實驗環(huán)節(jié)得以成功實現(xiàn),量子通信系統(tǒng)在理論和實驗中均取得了較大的研究成果。量子安全直接通信系統(tǒng)作為量子通信系統(tǒng)的研究分支之一,具有無需產(chǎn)生量子密鑰而直接、安全的傳輸保密信息的特點,近年來受到了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。然而,目前量子直接通信系統(tǒng)的研究主要集中在對具體通信協(xié)議的設(shè)計中,所提出的通信協(xié)議均是基于理想通信環(huán)境,對該系統(tǒng)的實用化研究較為欠缺。 本文以提高量子直接安全通信系統(tǒng)工程化、實用化為主要目標,圍繞量子安全直接通信系統(tǒng)的噪聲問題和網(wǎng)絡(luò)化問題從以下三個方面展開深入的研究工作。 (1)分析了量子噪聲對量子通信系統(tǒng)的影響,考慮量子安全直接通信系統(tǒng)對安全性的要求,將經(jīng)典量子編碼技術(shù)和量子系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合,提出一個基于無消相干子空間的量子安全直接通信系統(tǒng)模型。該模型能很好的克服由于集體相位消相干而引起的量子噪聲問題,本文對其工作流程和安全性問題進行了詳細討論,解決了量子安全直接通信系統(tǒng)的噪聲問題,提高了該系統(tǒng)的安全性。 (2)在現(xiàn)有量子網(wǎng)絡(luò)基本理論的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合量子中繼器的基本概念,提出了一種基于量子中繼器的量子直接通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。首先針對點對點的量子直接通信系統(tǒng)引入量子中繼器的概念,提出了基于誘騙態(tài)的雙向量子態(tài)傳輸系統(tǒng),在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計了通過量子中繼器連接的雙通信環(huán)量子安全直接通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu),增加了量子安全直接通信系統(tǒng)的通信距離。討論了多通信環(huán)的量子直接通信系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò),較好的提高了系統(tǒng)靈活性和實用性。對所設(shè)計系統(tǒng)的安全性進行了分析,并將量子中繼器作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點進行了吞吐量的仿真分析工作。 (3)對量子安全直接通信系統(tǒng)的復用問題進行了研究,提出了基于自由空間傳輸?shù)牧孔影踩苯油ㄐ畔到y(tǒng)空分復用的理論模型,對該模型的接收和發(fā)送部分進行了詳細的設(shè)計,并對基本工作流程進行了分析討論。討論了傳輸信道是自由空間時信道中的各種因素對傳輸系統(tǒng)性能的影響,增加了量子安全直接通信系統(tǒng)的通信容量和系統(tǒng)靈活性。
[Abstract]:Quantum informatics is a new interdisciplinary subject based on the basic principles of information technology and quantum mechanics developed rapidly in recent years. The non-cloning theorem and uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics ensure the absolute security of quantum information system. Therefore, quantum information technology has received extensive attention. As the most mature and practical research content in the field of quantum information, quantum communication technology has been developed rapidly. From the proposal of the first quantum key distribution protocol BB84 to the successful implementation of the quantum key distribution system in the experiment, the quantum key distribution system has made great achievements in both theory and experiment. As one of the research branches of quantum communication system, quantum secure direct communication system has been paid more and more attention in recent years because of its characteristics of transmitting secret information directly and safely without generating quantum key. However, at present, the research of quantum direct communication system is mainly focused on the design of specific communication protocols. The proposed communication protocols are based on the ideal communication environment, and the practical research on the system is relatively lacking. The aim of this paper is to improve the engineering and practicability of quantum direct secure communication system. The noise problem and network problem of quantum secure direct communication system are studied from the following three aspects. (1) the influence of quantum noise on quantum communication system is analyzed. Considering the security requirement of quantum secure direct communication system, a quantum secure direct communication system model based on non-coherent subspace is proposed by combining classical quantum coding technology with quantum system. The model can overcome the problem of quantum noise caused by collective phase decoherence. In this paper, the working flow and security of the model are discussed in detail, and the noise problem of quantum secure direct communication system is solved. The security of the system is improved. (2) based on the basic theory of quantum network and the basic concept of quantum repeater, a quantum direct communication network system based on quantum repeater is proposed. Firstly, the concept of quantum repeater is introduced to the dot quantum direct communication system, and a bidirectional quantum state transmission system based on decoy state is proposed. On this basis, the quantum secure direct communication network structure connected by quantum repeater is designed, and the communication distance of quantum secure direct communication system is increased. The quantum direct communication network with multiple communication rings is discussed, which improves the flexibility and practicability of the system. The security of the designed system is analyzed, and the quantum repeater is used as the network node to simulate and analyze the throughput. (3) the multiplexing problem of the quantum secure direct communication system is studied. A theoretical model of space-division multiplexing for quantum secure direct communication system based on free space transmission is proposed. The receiving and transmitting parts of the model are designed in detail and the basic workflow is analyzed and discussed. This paper discusses the influence of various factors on the performance of the transmission system when the transmission channel is a free space, and increases the communication capacity and system flexibility of the quantum secure direct communication system.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN918;O413

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本文編號：2114220