本文選題：超寬帶 + 室內(nèi)定位��； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,無線通信技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展促使無線定位技術(shù)日趨成熟,隨著傳統(tǒng)室外無線定位技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用,人們對于復(fù)雜的室內(nèi)無線精確定位的需求越來越強烈,比如大型場館定位、礦山井下人員定位、火災(zāi)現(xiàn)場定位等。超寬帶(UWB)信號憑借相對于其它信號具有更強的穿透能力、抗干擾能力、極低的成本和功耗、高的多徑分辨率等優(yōu)點,使得超寬帶技術(shù)在眾多室內(nèi)定位技術(shù)中脫穎而出,因此進(jìn)行超寬帶無線室內(nèi)定位算法的研究是十分有意義的。本文的主要工作有：1.從超寬帶無線通信理論出發(fā),分析超寬帶信號及其信道的特點。研究超寬帶室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)的原理架構(gòu),發(fā)射機(jī)和接收機(jī)原理,并解釋為何選用超寬帶技術(shù)作為室內(nèi)精確定位算法的研究。2.詳細(xì)分析IEEE802.15工作小組提出的IEEE802.15.4a信道模型。因為室內(nèi)環(huán)境比較復(fù)雜,所以針對不同的環(huán)境就需要有不同參數(shù)的信道模型,IEEE802.15工作小組針對不同的環(huán)境給出了六種相應(yīng)的IEEE802.15.4a信道模型。因為本文的研究重點是無線室內(nèi)精確定位,所以本文著重分析了室內(nèi)居住和室內(nèi)辦公環(huán)境下信道模型實測參數(shù)。3.重點研究超寬帶無線室內(nèi)定位算法。其中包括基于到達(dá)時間(TOA)、到達(dá)時間差(TDOA)、信號強度(RSSI)和到達(dá)角度(AOA)四種典型的超寬帶無線室內(nèi)定位算法,并對這四種典型的超寬帶無線室內(nèi)定位算法的優(yōu)缺點做出分析比較。結(jié)合本課題研究的方向,詳細(xì)地介紹了基于TDOA和基于RSSI的超寬帶定位算法。隨后,本文提出了基于TDOA/RSSI的超寬帶無線室內(nèi)混合定位算法,在給出了詳細(xì)的公式推導(dǎo)的同時,也研究了該算法的定位誤差和誤差來源。并與已有的基于TDOA/AOA的混合定位算法進(jìn)行了分析比較,研究表明該算法在不提高算法復(fù)雜度的前提下,明顯減小了室內(nèi)定位的誤差,使其更加接近克拉美羅下限。4.利用Matlab仿真軟件對各種單一定位算法和混合定位算法在不同信噪比與不同信標(biāo)節(jié)點個數(shù)的情況下分別進(jìn)行了仿真實驗,著重對TDOA/RSSI混合定位算法相對于其它定位算法進(jìn)行了較為詳細(xì)的分析比較。實驗證明TDOA/RSSI無線室內(nèi)混合定位算法與其它算法相比,在精度上有了很大提升。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology, wireless positioning technology is becoming more and more mature. With the extensive application of traditional outdoor wireless positioning technology, the demand for complex indoor wireless precise positioning is more and more intense. For example, the location of large-scale venues, underground mine personnel positioning, fire-site positioning and so on. Ultra-wideband (UWB) signal has the advantages of stronger penetration ability, anti-jamming ability, low cost and power consumption, high multipath resolution and so on than other signals, which makes UWB technology stand out among many indoor positioning technologies. So it is very meaningful to study the indoor location algorithm of UWB wireless. The main work of this paper is: 1. Based on the theory of UWB wireless communication, the characteristics of UWB signal and its channel are analyzed. This paper studies the principle structure, transmitter and receiver of UWB indoor positioning system, and explains why UWB technology is chosen as the research of indoor precise location algorithm. The IEEE 802.15.4a channel model proposed by the IEEE 802.15 working Group is analyzed in detail. Due to the complexity of indoor environment, the IEEE802.15 working group has proposed six kinds of IEEE802.15.4a channel models for different environments. Because the focus of this paper is the precise location of wireless indoor, this paper analyzes the measured parameters of channel model in indoor residential and office environment. This paper focuses on the research of UWB wireless indoor positioning algorithm. It includes four typical indoor location algorithms based on time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA), signal intensity (RSSI) and angle of arrival (AOA). Combined with the research direction of this paper, the UWB location algorithm based on TDOA and RSSI is introduced in detail. Then, this paper presents a hybrid location algorithm based on TDOAR / RSSI for UWB wireless indoor. The detailed formula is derived, and the location error and error source of the algorithm are also studied. And compared with the existing hybrid localization algorithm based on TDOA / AOA, the research shows that the algorithm can obviously reduce the error of indoor location without increasing the complexity of the algorithm, and make it closer to the lower bound of Clemero. 4. Using Matlab simulation software, the simulation experiments are carried out under different SNR and different number of beacon nodes for each single location algorithm and mixed localization algorithm. Compared with other localization algorithms, the mixed location algorithm of TDOAR / RSSI is analyzed and compared in detail. Experiments show that the precision of TDOAR / RSSI wireless indoor hybrid localization algorithm is much higher than that of other algorithms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN925

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 唐旭;何秀鳳;;北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)高精度相對定位性能分析[J];導(dǎo)航定位學(xué)報;2013年03期

，

本文編號：2074346