本文選題：環(huán)境能量驅(qū)動 + 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡�。� 參考：《天津大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：節(jié)點能量受限是無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSNs)的設計及應用技術(shù)中的重要問題,尤其在環(huán)境惡劣,無法更換電源環(huán)境下的WSNs中更為突出。近年來,隨著硬件設計技術(shù)及環(huán)境能量收集技術(shù)的發(fā)展,節(jié)點可以通過能量收集裝置收集太陽能、振動能、電磁能等能量,提高節(jié)點的續(xù)航能力,這催生了環(huán)境能量驅(qū)動的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks,EH-WSNs)的出現(xiàn)。環(huán)境能量收集過程具有很強的隨機性和不確定性,給無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡設計帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn)。利用收集的環(huán)境能量優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡和節(jié)點性能成為EH-WSNs研究的熱點問題。本文考慮環(huán)境能量收集過程的隨機性和不確定性,研究了傳感器節(jié)點的數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)化傳輸機制,主要研究工作如下:(1)根據(jù)EH-WSNs節(jié)點的能量及數(shù)據(jù)傳輸特點,建立了節(jié)點的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模型;在已知能量收集情況的前提下,以最大化固定時間T內(nèi)節(jié)點的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸量為目標建立了節(jié)點傳輸優(yōu)化模型,經(jīng)過理論分析與推導,提出離線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸優(yōu)化算法—前向-后向搜索數(shù)據(jù)傳輸優(yōu)化策略(Forward Backward Searching,FBS策略),實現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸全局最優(yōu)。(2)利用馬爾科夫預測模型,實現(xiàn)了能量收集情況的預測,并且在前向-后向搜索數(shù)據(jù)傳輸優(yōu)化策略的基礎上提出自適應的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸策略(Adaptive Forward Backward Searching,AFBS策略);該策略在未知能量收集情況的前提下,實時給出數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)墓β?實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸優(yōu)化目的。(3)仿真實現(xiàn)并且分析了提出的FBS和AFBS數(shù)據(jù)傳輸優(yōu)化策略。仿真結(jié)果表明,前向-后向搜索數(shù)據(jù)傳輸優(yōu)化策略實現(xiàn)了固定時間T內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)娜肿顑?yōu),時間越長優(yōu)化效果越好;自適應數(shù)據(jù)傳輸策略的仿真結(jié)果表明,本文提出的自適應算法優(yōu)于“能量即來即用”的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方法(Energy used up,EUP策略),并且與FBS策略下傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)量十分接近。
[Abstract]:Node energy limitation is an important problem in the design and application of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in wireless sensor networks, especially in the WSNs where the environment is too bad to replace the power supply. In recent years, with the development of hardware design technology and environmental energy collection technology, the node can collect solar energy, vibration energy, electromagnetic energy and other energy through the energy collection device, so as to improve the ability of the node to live. This spawned the emergence of an environmentally energy-driven wireless sensor network, Energy harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSNs). The environmental energy collection process has strong randomness and uncertainty, which brings new challenges to the design of wireless sensor networks. Optimization of network and node performance using collected environmental energy has become a hot issue in EH-WSNs research. In this paper, considering the randomness and uncertainty of the environmental energy collection process, the optimal data transmission mechanism of sensor nodes is studied. The main work is as follows: 1) according to the energy and data transmission characteristics of EH-WSNs node, The data transmission model of nodes is established, and with the premise of known energy collection, the optimization model of node transmission is established with the aim of maximizing the amount of data transmission of nodes within a fixed time T, which is analyzed and deduced theoretically. An off-line data transmission optimization algorithm, forward backward searching algorithm (FBS), is proposed, which realizes the global optimization of data transmission. The Markov prediction model is used to predict the energy collection. On the basis of the forward backward search data transmission optimization strategy, an adaptive forward backward searching strategy is proposed, and the power of the data transmission is given in real time under the condition of unknown energy collection. Data transmission optimization is realized by simulation and the proposed optimization strategies of FBS and AFBS are analyzed. The simulation results show that the optimization strategy of forward-backward search data transmission achieves the global optimization of data transmission in fixed time T, and the longer the time is, the better the optimization effect is, and the simulation results of adaptive data transmission strategy show that, The adaptive algorithm proposed in this paper is superior to the energy used upEUP strategy, and is very close to the amount of data transmitted under this strategy.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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本文編號：2034410